SpringBoot如何正确配置并运行Kafka

<!-- 引入kafka依赖 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
    <version>2.8.6</version>
</dependency>

spring:
  kafka:
    bootstrap-servers: xx.xx.xx.xx:9092 # kafka集群信息，多个用逗号间隔
    # 生产者
    producer:
      # 重试次数，设置大于0的值，则客户端会将发送失败的记录重新发送
      retries: 3
      batch-size: 16384 #批量处理大小，16K
      buffer-memory: 33554432 #缓冲存储大，32M
      acks: 1
      # 指定消息key和消息体的编解码方式
      key-serializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer
      value-serializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer
    # 消费者
    consumer:
      # 消费者组
      group-id: TestGroup
      # 是否自动提交
      enable-auto-commit: false
      # 消费偏移配置
      # none：如果没有为消费者找到先前的offset的值,即没有自动维护偏移量,也没有手动维护偏移量,则抛出异常
      # earliest：在各分区下有提交的offset时：从offset处开始消费；在各分区下无提交的offset时：从头开始消费
      # latest：在各分区下有提交的offset时：从offset处开始消费；在各分区下无提交的offset时：从最新的数据开始消费
      auto-offset-reset: earliest
      key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
      value-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
    # 监听
    listener:
      # record：当每一条记录被消费者监听器（ListenerConsumer）处理之后提交
      # batch：当每一批poll()的数据被ListenerConsumer处理之后提交
      # time：当每一批poll()的数据被ListenerConsumer处理之后，距离上次提交时间大于TIME时提交
      # count：当每一批poll()的数据被ListenerConsumer处理之后，被处理record数量大于等于COUNT时提交
      # count_time：TIME或COUNT中有一个条件满足时提交
      # manual：当每一批poll()的数据被ListenerConsumer处理之后, 手动调用Acknowledgment.acknowledge()后提交
      # manual_immediate：手动调用Acknowledgment.acknowledge()后立即提交，一般推荐使用这种
      ack-mode: manual_immediate

import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;
import org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
 * 消费者
 * kafka监听器
 */
@Component
public class KafkaConsumer {
    /**
     * kafka的监听器1，topic为"topic_test"，消费者组为"group_topic_test"
     * @param record
     * @param item
     */
    @KafkaListener(topics = "topic_test", groupId = "group_topic_test")
    public void topicListener1(ConsumerRecord<String, String> record, Acknowledgment item) {
        String value = record.value();
        System.out.println(value);
        System.out.println(record);
        //手动提交
        item.acknowledge();
    }
    /**
     * 配置多个消费组
     * kafka的监听器2，topic为"topic_test2"，消费者组为"group_topic_test"
     * @param record
     * @param item
     */
    @KafkaListener(topics = "topic_test2",groupId = "group_topic_test2")
    public void topicListener2(ConsumerRecord<String, String> record, Acknowledgment item) {
        String value = record.value();
        System.out.println(value);
        System.out.println(record);
        item.acknowledge();
    }
}

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
 * kafka生产者
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/kafka")
public class KafkaController {
    @Autowired
    private KafkaTemplate<String, String> kafkaTemplate;
    @RequestMapping("/send")
    public void send() {
        kafkaTemplate.send("topic_test",  "key", "测试kafka消息");
    }
}