SpringBoot中@Test的介绍和使用案例

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

@SpringBootTest
public class MyTest {
  // 测试方法
}

@WebMvcTest(UserController.class)
public class MyTest {
  @Autowired
  private MockMvc mvc;
  // 测试方法
}

code@DataJpaTest
public class MyTest {
  @Autowired
  private TestEntityManager entityManager;
  @Autowired
  private UserRepository userRepository;
  // 测试方法
}

@SpringBootTest
public class MyTest {
  @MockBean
  private UserService userService;
  // 测试方法
}

@SpringBootTest
public class MyTest {
  @MockBean
  private UserService userService;
  // 测试方法
}

@SpringBootConfiguration
public class MyConfig {
  // 配置代码
}

@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class MyTest {
  @LocalServerPort
  private int port;
  // 测试方法可以使用port变量
}

@Value("${local.server.port}")
private int port;

@Autowired
private TestRestTemplate restTemplate;
@Test
public void test() {
  String body = this.restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:" + port + "/hello", String.class);
  assertEquals("Hello World", body);
}

@Autowired
private MockMvc mvc;

@WebMvcTest
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
public class TestController {
  @Autowired
  private MockMvc mvc;
  @MockBean
  private UserService userService;
  @Test
  public void test() throws Exception {
    // 使用MockMvc进行请求测试
  }
}

// GET
mvc.perform(get("/users"))
  .andExpect(status().isOk()); 
// POST  
mvc.perform(post("/users"))
  .andExpect(status().isCreated());
// 模拟参数
mvc.perform(get("/users").param("name", "test"))
  .andExpect(content().string(containsString("test")));

mvc.perform(get("/users/1"))
  .andExpect(status().isOk())
  .andExpect(content().contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)) 
  .andExpect(jsonPath("$.name").value("Test User"));