SpringBoot使用@Async注解可能会遇到的8大坑点汇总

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAsync
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

@Configuration
@EnableAsync
public class AsyncConfig implements AsyncConfigurer {
    @Override
    public Executor getAsyncExecutor() {
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        executor.setCorePoolSize(10); // 设置核心线程数
        executor.setMaxPoolSize(100); // 设置最大线程数
        executor.setQueueCapacity(10); // 设置队列容量
        executor.setThreadNamePrefix("Async-"); // 设置线程名前缀
        executor.initialize();
        return executor;
    }
    // 其他配置方法...
}

// 你的业务服务
@Service
public class MyService {
    @Autowired
    private AsyncService asyncService;
    @Async
    public void asyncMethod() {
        // 异步方法逻辑...
        asyncService.asyncMethod(); // 在另一个Bean中调用异步方法
    }
}
// 你声明的异步服务，这里面可以是你所有的异步方法，哪里调用直接注入即可。
@Service
public class AsyncService {
    @Async
    public void asyncMethod() {
        // 异步方法逻辑...
    }
}

@Service
public class MyService {
    @Autowired
    private MyRepository myRepository;
    @Async
    @Transactional
    public void asyncMethod() {
        // 异步方法逻辑...
        myRepository.save(entity);
    }
}

@Service
public class MyService {
    @Async
    public CompletableFuture<String> asyncMethod() {
        try {
            // 异步方法逻辑...
            return CompletableFuture.completedFuture("Success");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // 处理异常...
            return CompletableFuture.failedFuture(e);
        }
    }
}
// 调用异步方法并处理异常
CompletableFuture<String> future = myService.asyncMethod();
future.exceptionally(ex -> {
    // 异常处理逻辑...
    return "Error";
});

@Service
public class MyService {
    @Async
    public CompletableFuture<String> asyncMethod() {
        // 异步方法逻辑...
        return CompletableFuture.completedFuture("Result");
    }
}
// 调用异步方法并获取结果
CompletableFuture<String> future = myService.asyncMethod();
String result = future.get(); // 阻塞等待结果

@Service
public class MyService {
    @Autowired
    private MyService myService; // 自身依赖
    @Async
    public void asyncMethod() {
        // 异步方法逻辑...
        myService.asyncMethod(); // 会导致无限递归调用
    }
}

@Service
public class MyService {
    @Async("threadPoolTaskExecutor")
    public CompletableFuture<String> asyncMethod1() {
        // 异步方法1逻辑...
        return CompletableFuture.completedFuture("Result1");
    }
    @Async("threadPoolTaskExecutor")
    public CompletableFuture<String> asyncMethod2() {
        // 异步方法2逻辑...
        return CompletableFuture.completedFuture("Result2");
    }
}
// 调用异步方法并处理结果顺序 
CompletableFuture<String> future1 = myService.asyncMethod1(); 
CompletableFuture<String> future2 = future1.thenCompose(
                        result1 -> myService.asyncMethod2());
String finalResult = future2.get(); // 阻塞等待最终结果