Java实现微信支付的项目实践
摘要:最近的一个项目中涉及到了支付业务,其中用到了微信支付和支付宝支付,在做的过程中也遇到些问题,所以现在总结梳理一下,分享给有需要的人,也为自己以后回顾留个思路。
一、微信支付接入准备工作:
首先,微信支付,只支持企业用户,个人用户是不能接入微信支付的,所以要想接入微信支付,首先需要有微信公众号,这个的企业才能申请。有了微信公众号,就能申请微信支付的相关内容,所以在准备开始写代码之前需要先把下面的这些参数申请好:公众账号ID、微信支付商户号、API密钥、AppSecret是APPID对应的接口密码、回调地址(回调必须保证外网能访问到此地址)、发起请求的电脑IP
二、微信支付流程说明:
有了上面提到的这些参数,那我们就可以接入微信支付了,下面我来看下微信支付的官方文档(https://pay.weixin.qq.com/wiki/doc/api/index.html)、访问该地址可以看到有多种支付方式可以选择,我们这里选择扫码支付的方式(https://pay.weixin.qq.com/wiki/doc/api/native.php?chapter=6_1)
这里我们选择模式二,下面看下模式二的时序图,如下图:
模式二与模式一相比,流程更为简单,不依赖设置的回调支付URL。商户后台系统先调用微信支付的统一下单接口,微信后台系统返回链接参数code_url,商户后台系统将code_url值生成二维码图片,用户使用微信客户端扫码后发起支付。注意:code_url有效期为2小时,过期后扫码不能再发起支付。
三、微信支付所需Maven依赖
<!--微信支付SDK--> <dependency> <groupId>com.github.wechatpay-apiv3</groupId> <artifactId>wechatpay-apache-httpclient</artifactId> <version>0.3.0</version> </dependency> <!-- json处理器:引入gson依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId> <artifactId>gson</artifactId> <version>2.8.6</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId> <version>4.5.12</version> </dependency> <!-- 二维码 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId> <artifactId>core</artifactId> <version>3.3.3</version> </dependency> <!-- 生成二维码 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId> <artifactId>javase</artifactId> <version>3.3.3</version> </dependency>
四、配置文件添加微信支付所需参数
# 微信支付相关参数 wxpay: # 商户号 mch-id: xxxxxxx # 商户API证书序列号 mch-serial-no: xxxxxxxxxx # 商户私钥文件 # 注意:该文件放在项目根目录下 private-key-path: ./apiclient_key.pem # APIv3密钥 api-v3-key: xxxxxxxx # APPID appid: xxxxxxc27e0e7cxxx # 微信服务器地址 domain: https://api.mch.weixin.qq.com # 接收结果通知地址 # 注意:每次重新启动ngrok,都需要根据实际情况修改这个配置 notify-domain: https://c7c1-240e-3b5-3015-be0-1bc-9bed-fca4-d09b.ngrok.io
五、微信支付下单代码实现
1.Controller层
/** * native下单 */ @ApiOperation(value = "native 微信支付下单 返回Image") @GetMapping("/native") public BaseRes<String> nativePay(@RequestParam("packageId") Integer packageId) { return wxPayService.nativePay(packageId); } /** * JSAPI下单 */ @ApiOperation(value = "JSAPI微信支付下单") @GetMapping("/jsapi") public BaseRes<String> jsapiPay(@RequestParam("packageId") Integer packageId,@RequestParam("openId") String openId) { return wxPayService.jsapiPay(packageId,openId); }
注意:packageId是套餐Id,可根据情况修改
2.Service层
BaseRes<String> nativePay(Integer packageId); BaseRes<String> jsapiPay(Integer packageId, String openId);
3.实现层
/** * Mavicat下单 * @return * @throws Exception */ @Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class) @Override @SneakyThrows public BaseRes<String> nativePay(Integer packageId){ log.info("发起Navicat支付请求"); HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(wxPayConfig.getDomain().concat(WxApiType.NATIVE_PAY.getType())); CloseableHttpResponse response = wxPayExecute(packageId, null, httpPost); try { String bodyAsString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());//响应体 int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();//响应状态码 if (statusCode == 200) { //处理成功 log.info("成功, 返回结果 = " + bodyAsString); } else if (statusCode == 204) { //处理成功,无返回Body log.info("成功"); } else { log.info("Native下单失败,响应码 = " + statusCode + ",返回结果 = " + bodyAsString); throw new IOException("request failed"); } Gson gson = new Gson(); //响应结果 Map<String, String> resultMap = gson.fromJson(bodyAsString, HashMap.class); //二维码 String codeUrl = resultMap.get("code_url"); return new BaseRes<>(codeUrl,ServiceCode.SUCCESS); //生成二维码 // WxPayUtil.makeQRCode(codeUrl); } finally { response.close(); } } /** * JSAPI下单 * @return */ @Override @SneakyThrows public BaseRes<String> jsapiPay(Integer packageId, String openId) { log.info("发起Navicat支付请求"); HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(wxPayConfig.getDomain().concat(WxApiType.JSAPI_PAY.getType())); CloseableHttpResponse response = wxPayExecute(packageId, openId, httpPost); try { String bodyAsString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());//响应体 int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();//响应状态码 if (statusCode == 200) { //处理成功 log.info("成功, 返回结果 = " + bodyAsString); } else if (statusCode == 204) { //处理成功,无返回Body log.info("成功"); } else { log.info("JSAPI下单失败,响应码 = " + statusCode + ",返回结果 = " + bodyAsString); throw new IOException("request failed"); } Gson gson = new Gson(); //响应结果 Map<String, String> resultMap = gson.fromJson(bodyAsString, HashMap.class); String prepayId = resultMap.get("prepay_id"); return new BaseRes<>(prepayId,ServiceCode.SUCCESS); } finally { response.close(); } } // 封装统一下单方法 private CloseableHttpResponse wxPayExecute(Integer packageId,String openId,HttpPost httpPost) throws IOException { // 获取套餐金额 还有相关信息 ChatPackage chatPackage = chatPackageMapper.selectById(packageId); if (null == chatPackage) { throw new NingException(ServiceCode.FAILED); } BigDecimal amount = chatPackage.getAmount(); if (null == amount || amount.equals(BigDecimal.ZERO)) { throw new NingException(ServiceCode.SUCCESS); } // 从登录信息中获取用户信息 TokenUser loginUserInfo = CommUtils.getLoginUserInfo(); Integer userId = loginUserInfo.getUserId(); // 请求body参数 Gson gson = new Gson(); Map<String,Object> paramsMap = new HashMap<>(); paramsMap.put("appid", wxPayConfig.getAppid()); paramsMap.put("mchid", wxPayConfig.getMchId()); paramsMap.put("description", chatPackage.getName()); paramsMap.put("out_trade_no", WxPayUtil.generateOrderNumber(userId,packageId)); //订单号 paramsMap.put("notify_url", wxPayConfig.getNotifyDomain().concat(WxApiType.NATIVE_NOTIFY.getType())); Map<String,Object> amountMap = new HashMap<>(); //由单位:元 转换为单位:分,并由Bigdecimal转换为整型 BigDecimal total = amount.multiply(new BigDecimal(100)); amountMap.put("total", total.intValue()); amountMap.put("currency", "CNY"); paramsMap.put("amount", amountMap); // 判断是Navicat下单还是JSAPI下单 JSAPI需要传OPENID if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(openId)) { Map<String,Object> payerMap = new HashMap<>(); payerMap.put("openid",openId); paramsMap.put("payer",payerMap); } JSONObject attachJson = new JSONObject(); attachJson.put("packageId",packageId); attachJson.put("userId",userId); attachJson.put("total",total); paramsMap.put("attach",attachJson.toJSONString()); //将参数转换成json字符串 String jsonParams = gson.toJson(paramsMap); log.info("请求参数 ===> {}" , jsonParams); StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(jsonParams, "utf-8"); entity.setContentType("application/json"); httpPost.setEntity(entity); httpPost.setHeader("Accept", "application/json"); //完成签名并执行请求 return wxPayClient.execute(httpPost); }
六、微信支付回调接口
1.Controller层
/** * 支付通知 * 微信支付通过支付通知接口将用户支付成功消息通知给商户 */ @ApiOperation(value = "支付通知", notes = "支付通知") @PostMapping("/pay/notify") @ClientAuthControl public WxRes nativeNotify() { return wxPayService.nativeNotify(); }
2.Service层
WxRes nativeNotify();
3.实现层
@Resource private Verifier verifier; private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock(); @Override @SneakyThrows @Transactional public WxRes nativeNotify() { HttpServletRequest request = CommUtils.getRequest(); HttpServletResponse response = CommUtils.getResponse(); Gson gson = new Gson(); try { //处理通知参数 String body = WxPayUtil.readData(request); Map<String, Object> bodyMap = gson.fromJson(body, HashMap.class); String requestId = (String) bodyMap.get("id"); //签名的验证 WechatPay2ValidatorForRequest wechatPay2ValidatorForRequest = new WechatPay2ValidatorForRequest(verifier, requestId, body); if (wechatPay2ValidatorForRequest.validate(request)) { throw new RuntimeException(); } log.info("通知验签成功"); //处理订单 processOrder(bodyMap); return new WxRes("SUCCESS","成功"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); response.setStatus(500); return new WxRes("FAIL","成功"); } } /** * 处理订单 * * @param bodyMap */ @Transactional @SneakyThrows public void processOrder(Map<String, Object> bodyMap){ log.info("处理订单"); //解密报文 String plainText = decryptFromResource(bodyMap); //将明文转换成map Gson gson = new Gson(); HashMap plainTextMap = gson.fromJson(plainText, HashMap.class); String orderNo = (String) plainTextMap.get("out_trade_no"); String attach = (String) plainTextMap.get("attach"); JSONObject attachJson = JSONObject.parseObject(attach); Integer packageId = attachJson.getInteger("packageId"); Integer userId = attachJson.getInteger("userId"); Integer total = attachJson.getInteger("total"); /*在对业务数据进行状态检查和处理之前, 要采用数据锁进行并发控制, 以避免函数重入造成的数据混乱*/ //尝试获取锁: // 成功获取则立即返回true,获取失败则立即返回false。不必一直等待锁的释放 if (lock.tryLock()) { try { log.info("plainText={}",plainText); //处理重复的通知 //接口调用的幂等性:无论接口被调用多少次,产生的结果是一致的。 String orderStatus = orderService.getOrderStatus(orderNo); if (!OrderStatus.NOTPAY.getType().equals(orderStatus)) { return; } // TODO 修改订单状态、添加支付记录等 // 通知前端用户 已完成支付 messageSocketHandle.sendMessageByUserID(userId,new TextMessage("PaySuccess")); } finally { //要主动释放锁 lock.unlock(); } } } /** * 对称解密 * * @param bodyMap * @return */ @SneakyThrows private String decryptFromResource(Map<String, Object> bodyMap) { log.info("密文解密"); //通知数据 Map<String, String> resourceMap = (Map) bodyMap.get("resource"); //数据密文 String ciphertext = resourceMap.get("ciphertext"); //随机串 String nonce = resourceMap.get("nonce"); //附加数据 String associatedData = resourceMap.get("associated_data"); AesUtil aesUtil = new AesUtil(wxPayConfig.getApiV3Key().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)); //数据明文 String plainText = aesUtil.decryptToString(associatedData.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), nonce.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), ciphertext); return plainText; }
七、工具类和相关配置类
1.WxPayUtil工具类
@Slf4j public class WxPayUtil { private static final Random random = new Random(); // 生成订单号 public static String generateOrderNumber(int userId, int packageId) { // 获取当前时间戳 long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis(); // 生成6位随机数 int randomNum = random.nextInt(900000) + 100000; // 组装订单号 return String.format("%d%d%d%d", timestamp, randomNum, userId, packageId); } /** * 生成二维码 * @param url */ public static void makeQRCode(String url){ HttpServletResponse response = CommUtils.getResponse(); //通过支付链接生成二维码 HashMap<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new HashMap<>(); hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8"); hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.M); hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 2); try { BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(url, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, 200, 200, hints); MatrixToImageWriter.writeToStream(bitMatrix, "PNG", response.getOutputStream()); System.out.println("创建二维码完成"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 将通知参数转化为字符串 * * @param request * @return */ public static String readData(HttpServletRequest request) { BufferedReader br = null; try { StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(); br = request.getReader(); for (String line; (line = br.readLine()) != null; ) { if (result.length() > 0) { result.append("\n"); } result.append(line); } return result.toString(); } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } finally { if (br != null) { try { br.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } }
2.微信支付配置类
@Configuration @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "wxpay") //读取wxpay节点 @Data //使用set方法将wxpay节点中的值填充到当前类的属性中 @Slf4j public class WxPayConfig { // 商户号 private String mchId; // 商户API证书序列号 private String mchSerialNo; // 商户私钥文件 private String privateKeyPath; // APIv3密钥 private String apiV3Key; // APPID private String appid; // 微信服务器地址 private String domain; // 接收结果通知地址 private String notifyDomain; /** * 获取商户的私钥文件 * * @param filename * @return */ private PrivateKey getPrivateKey(String filename) { try { return PemUtil.loadPrivateKey(new FileInputStream(filename)); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { throw new RuntimeException("私钥文件不存在", e); } } /** * 获取签名验证器 * * @return */ @Bean public ScheduledUpdateCertificatesVerifier getVerifier() { log.info("获取签名验证器"); //获取商户私钥 PrivateKey privateKey = getPrivateKey(privateKeyPath); //私钥签名对象 PrivateKeySigner privateKeySigner = new PrivateKeySigner(mchSerialNo, privateKey); //身份认证对象 WechatPay2Credentials wechatPay2Credentials = new WechatPay2Credentials(mchId, privateKeySigner); // 使用定时更新的签名验证器,不需要传入证书 ScheduledUpdateCertificatesVerifier verifier = new ScheduledUpdateCertificatesVerifier( wechatPay2Credentials, apiV3Key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)); return verifier; } /** * 获取http请求对象 * * @param verifier * @return */ @Bean(name = "wxPayClient") public CloseableHttpClient getWxPayClient(ScheduledUpdateCertificatesVerifier verifier) { log.info("获取httpClient"); //获取商户私钥 PrivateKey privateKey = getPrivateKey(privateKeyPath); WechatPayHttpClientBuilder builder = WechatPayHttpClientBuilder.create() .withMerchant(mchId, mchSerialNo, privateKey) .withValidator(new WechatPay2Validator(verifier)); // ... 接下来,你仍然可以通过builder设置各种参数,来配置你的HttpClient // 通过WechatPayHttpClientBuilder构造的HttpClient,会自动的处理签名和验签,并进行证书自动更新 CloseableHttpClient httpClient = builder.build(); return httpClient; } /** * 获取HttpClient,无需进行应答签名验证,跳过验签的流程 */ @Bean(name = "wxPayNoSignClient") public CloseableHttpClient getWxPayNoSignClient() { //获取商户私钥 PrivateKey privateKey = getPrivateKey(privateKeyPath); //用于构造HttpClient WechatPayHttpClientBuilder builder = WechatPayHttpClientBuilder.create() //设置商户信息 .withMerchant(mchId, mchSerialNo, privateKey) //无需进行签名验证、通过withValidator((response) -> true)实现 .withValidator((response) -> true); // 通过WechatPayHttpClientBuilder构造的HttpClient,会自动的处理签名和验签,并进行证书自动更新 CloseableHttpClient httpClient = builder.build(); log.info("== getWxPayNoSignClient END =="); return httpClient; } }
3.微信支付枚举类
@AllArgsConstructor @Getter public enum WxApiType { /** * Native下单 */ NATIVE_PAY("/v3/pay/transactions/native"), /** * JSAPI下单 */ JSAPI_PAY("/v3/pay/transactions/jsapi"), /** * 查询订单 */ ORDER_QUERY_BY_NO("/v3/pay/transactions/out-trade-no/%s"), /** * 关闭订单 */ CLOSE_ORDER_BY_NO("/v3/pay/transactions/out-trade-no/%s/close"), /** * 支付通知 */ NATIVE_NOTIFY("/client/order/pay/notify"); /** * 类型 */ private final String type; }
4.签名验证类
@Slf4j public class WechatPay2ValidatorForRequest { /** * 应答超时时间,单位为分钟 */ protected static final long RESPONSE_EXPIRED_MINUTES = 5; protected final Verifier verifier; protected final String requestId; protected final String body; public WechatPay2ValidatorForRequest(Verifier verifier, String requestId, String body) { this.verifier = verifier; this.requestId = requestId; this.body = body; } protected static IllegalArgumentException parameterError(String message, Object... args) { message = String.format(message, args); return new IllegalArgumentException("parameter error: " + message); } protected static IllegalArgumentException verifyFail(String message, Object... args) { message = String.format(message, args); return new IllegalArgumentException("signature verify fail: " + message); } public final boolean validate(HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException { try { //处理请求参数 validateParameters(request); //构造验签名串 String message = buildMessage(request); String serial = request.getHeader(WECHAT_PAY_SERIAL); String signature = request.getHeader(WECHAT_PAY_SIGNATURE); //验签 if (!verifier.verify(serial, message.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), signature)) { throw verifyFail("serial=[%s] message=[%s] sign=[%s], request-id=[%s]", serial, message, signature, requestId); } } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { log.error(e.getMessage()); return false; } return true; } protected final void validateParameters(HttpServletRequest request) { // NOTE: ensure HEADER_WECHAT_PAY_TIMESTAMP at last String[] headers = {WECHAT_PAY_SERIAL, WECHAT_PAY_SIGNATURE, WECHAT_PAY_NONCE, WECHAT_PAY_TIMESTAMP}; String header = null; for (String headerName : headers) { header = request.getHeader(headerName); if (header == null) { throw parameterError("empty [%s], request-id=[%s]", headerName, requestId); } } //判断请求是否过期 String timestampStr = header; try { Instant responseTime = Instant.ofEpochSecond(Long.parseLong(timestampStr)); // 拒绝过期请求 if (Duration.between(responseTime, Instant.now()).abs().toMinutes() >= RESPONSE_EXPIRED_MINUTES) { throw parameterError("timestamp=[%s] expires, request-id=[%s]", timestampStr, requestId); } } catch (DateTimeException | NumberFormatException e) { throw parameterError("invalid timestamp=[%s], request-id=[%s]", timestampStr, requestId); } } protected final String buildMessage(HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException { String timestamp = request.getHeader(WECHAT_PAY_TIMESTAMP); String nonce = request.getHeader(WECHAT_PAY_NONCE); return timestamp + "\n" + nonce + "\n" + body + "\n"; } protected final String getResponseBody(CloseableHttpResponse response) throws IOException { HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); return (entity != null && entity.isRepeatable()) ? EntityUtils.toString(entity) : ""; } }
到此这篇关于Java 实现微信支付的项目实践的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Java 微信支付内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家!
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