Java中java.lang.ClassCastException异常原因以及解决方法详解

// 示例代码
public class Animal {
    // ...
}

public class Dog extends Animal {
    // ...
}

public class Cat extends Animal {
    // ...
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Animal animal = new Cat();
        Dog dog = (Dog) animal; // ClassCastException
    }
}

// 示例代码
public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Animal animal = new Cat();
        
        if (animal instanceof Dog) {
            Dog dog = (Dog) animal;
            // 执行与Dog相关的操作
        } else {
            // 处理类型不匹配的情况
            System.out.println("Animal is not a Dog");
        }
    }
}

// 示例代码
public class GenericExample<T> {
    private T value;

    public T getValue() {
        return value;
    }

    public void setValue(T value) {
        this.value = value;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        GenericExample<Cat> catExample = new GenericExample<>();
        catExample.setValue(new Cat());

        // 使用泛型的实际类型，避免ClassCastException
        Cat cat = catExample.getValue();
    }
}

// 示例代码
public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Animal animal = new Cat();

        try {
            Dog dog = (Dog) animal;
            // 执行与Dog相关的操作
        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
            // 处理ClassCastException异常
            System.out.println("Cannot cast Animal to Dog");
        }
    }
}