在Spring中实现异步处理的步骤和代码演示

@Configuration
@EnableAsync
public class AsyncConfig {
    @Bean(name = "taskExecutor")
    public Executor taskExecutor() {
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        executor.setCorePoolSize(2);
        executor.setMaxPoolSize(5);
        executor.setQueueCapacity(100);
        executor.setThreadNamePrefix("AsyncThread-");
        executor.initialize();
        return executor;
    }
}

@Service
public class AsyncService {
    @Async("taskExecutor")
    public CompletableFuture<String> performAsyncTask(String param) {
        // 模拟长时间运行的任务
        try {
            Thread.sleep(5000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
        }
        String result = "Task executed with " + param;
        return CompletableFuture.completedFuture(result);
    }
}

@RestController
public class AsyncController {
    private final AsyncService asyncService;
    @Autowired
    public AsyncController(AsyncService asyncService) {
        this.asyncService = asyncService;
    }
    @GetMapping("/startAsyncTask")
    public ResponseEntity<String> startAsyncTask(@RequestParam String param) {
        CompletableFuture<String> completableFuture = asyncService.performAsyncTask(param);
        return new ResponseEntity<>("Task is being executed!", HttpStatus.ACCEPTED);
    }
    // 这里的实现是简化的，实际情况下可能需要更复杂的逻辑来处理异步任务的结果。
}

CompletableFuture<String> future = asyncService.performAsyncTask("testParam");
future.whenComplete((res, ex) -> {
    if (ex != null) {
        // 处理异常情况
        System.out.println("Exception occurred: " + ex.getMessage());
    } else {
        // 使用结果
        System.out.println("Result: " + res);
    }
});