c++栈内存和堆内存的基本使用小结

#include <iostream>

// 定义一个简单的结构体
struct Person {
  std::string name;
  int age;
};

int main() {
  // 栈内存分配
  int a = 10; // 基本数据类型的栈内存分配
  Person person; // 结构体的栈内存分配
  person.name = "John";
  person.age = 30;

  std::cout << "Stack memory usage:" << std::endl;
  std::cout << "a = " << a << std::endl;
  std::cout << "Person name: " << person.name << ", age: " << person.age << std::endl;

  // 堆内存分配
  int* p = new int; // 基本数据类型的堆内存分配
  *p = 20;

  Person* personPtr = new Person; // 结构体的堆内存分配
  personPtr->name = "Alice";
  personPtr->age = 25;

  std::cout << "Heap memory usage:" << std::endl;
  std::cout << "*p = " << *p << std::endl;
  std::cout << "PersonPtr name: " << personPtr->name << ", age: " << personPtr->age << std::endl;

  // 释放堆内存
  delete p;
  delete personPtr;

  return 0;
}

#include <iostream>

int main() {
  // 动态数组的堆内存分配
  int size = 5;
  int* array = new int[size];

  // 初始化数组
  for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
    array[i] = i * 10;
  }

  // 打印数组
  std::cout << "Dynamic array:" << std::endl;
  for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
    std::cout << "array[" << i << "] = " << array[i] << std::endl;
  }

  // 释放堆内存
  delete[] array;

  return 0;
}

#include <iostream>

void memoryLeakExample() {
  int* leakArray = new int[100]; // 这个数组没有被释放，造成内存泄漏

  // 正确的处理方式
  delete[] leakArray;
}

int main() {
  // 调用内存泄漏示例
  memoryLeakExample();

  return 0;
}

#include <iostream>
#include <memory> // 需要包含这个头文件

class MyClass {
public:
  MyClass() {
    std::cout << "Constructor called" << std::endl;
  }
  ~MyClass() {
    std::cout << "Destructor called" << std::endl;
  }
  void display() {
    std::cout << "Display method called" << std::endl;
  }
};

int main() {
  // 使用unique_ptr
  std::unique_ptr<MyClass> ptr1(new MyClass());
  ptr1->display();

  // 使用shared_ptr
  std::shared_ptr<MyClass> ptr2 = std::make_shared<MyClass>();
  ptr2->display();

  return 0;
}