SpringBoot实现基于URL和IP的访问频率限制

<!-- Spring Boot Starter Data Redis -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
    <version>3.4.1</version>
</dependency>

<!-- Lombok (可选，用于简化代码) -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    <optional>true</optional>
</dependency>

server.port=8080
# Redis 配置
spring.redis.host=127.0.0.1
spring.redis.port=6379
spring.redis.database=0
# 可选：设置密码
# spring.redis.password=yourpassword

server:
  port: 8080

spring:
  application:
    name: urlInterceptorDemo

  data:
    # redis 配置
    redis:
      # 地址
      host: 127.0.0.1
      # 端口，默认为6379
      port: 6379
      # 数据库索引
      database: 0
      # 密码
      password: "123456"
      # 连接超时时间
      timeout: 10s

package com.yyqq.urlinterceptordemo.Interceptor;

import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@Component
public class RateLimitInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {

    @Autowired
    public RedisTemplate redisTemplate;

    // 访问频率限制：每个 IP 每个 URL 最多访问 100 次 / 分钟
    private static final int MAX_REQUESTS = 10;
    private static final int TIME_WINDOW = 60; // 秒

    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        String ip = getClientIP(request);
        String url = request.getRequestURI();

        String key = "rate_limit:" + url + ":" + ip;
        long count = redisTemplate.opsForValue().increment(key, 1);
        if (count == 1) {
            // 设置键的过期时间为 TIME_WINDOW 秒
            redisTemplate.expire(key, TIME_WINDOW, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        }

        if (count > MAX_REQUESTS) {
            response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_FORBIDDEN);
            response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
            response.getWriter().write("请求过于频繁，请稍后再试。");
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }

    private String getClientIP(HttpServletRequest request) {
        String ip = request.getHeader("X-Forwarded-For");
        if (ip == null || ip.isEmpty() || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.isEmpty() || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.isEmpty() || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
        }
        return ip;
    }
}

package com.yyqq.urlinterceptordemo.config;


import com.yyqq.urlinterceptordemo.Interceptor.RateLimitInterceptor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.*;

@Configuration
public class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

    @Autowired
    private RateLimitInterceptor rateLimitInterceptor;

    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        registry.addInterceptor(rateLimitInterceptor)
                .addPathPatterns("/**") // 拦截所有路径
                .excludePathPatterns("/error"); // 排除错误路径
    }
}

package com.yyqq.urlinterceptordemo.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class DemoController {

    @GetMapping("/getData")
    public String getData() {
        return "这是数据接口，现在访问正常！";
    }
}