SpringBoot 中的异步处理机制详解

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAsync
public class AsyncApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(AsyncApplication.class, args);
    }
}

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class AsyncService {
    @Async
    public void executeAsyncTask() {
        System.out.println("执行异步任务: " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
        // 模拟长时间任务
        try {
            Thread.sleep(5000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("任务完成");
    }
}

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class AsyncController {
    private final AsyncService asyncService;
    public AsyncController(AsyncService asyncService) {
        this.asyncService = asyncService;
    }
    @GetMapping("/async")
    public String triggerAsyncTask() {
        asyncService.executeAsyncTask();
        return "异步任务已触发";
    }
}

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
@Configuration
public class AsyncConfig {
    @Bean(name = "taskExecutor")
    public Executor taskExecutor() {
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        executor.setCorePoolSize(5);
        executor.setMaxPoolSize(10);
        executor.setQueueCapacity(25);
        executor.setThreadNamePrefix("Async-");
        executor.initialize();
        return executor;
    }
}

@Async("taskExecutor")
public void executeAsyncTask() {
    // 任务逻辑
}

import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
@Async
public Future<String> asyncMethodWithReturn() {
    try {
        Thread.sleep(3000);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return CompletableFuture.completedFuture("异步任务结果");
}

@GetMapping("/asyncResult")
public String getAsyncResult() throws Exception {
    Future<String> result = asyncService.asyncMethodWithReturn();
    return result.get();
}