RabbitMQ 在 Spring Boot 项目中的深度应用与实战解析

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

spring.rabbitmq.host=localhost
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest

import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {
    @Bean
    public Queue testQueue() {
        return QueueBuilder.durable("testQueue").build();
    }
    @Bean
    public DirectExchange testExchange() {
        return new DirectExchange("testExchange");
    }
    @Bean
    public Binding binding() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(testQueue()).to(testExchange()).with("testRoutingKey");
    }
}

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class MessageProducer {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    public void sendMessage(String message) {
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("testExchange", "testRoutingKey", message);
    }
}

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class MessageConsumer {
    @RabbitListener(queues = "testQueue")
    public void receiveMessage(String message) {
        System.out.println("Received message: " + message);
    }
}

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class TestController {
    @Autowired
    private MessageProducer messageProducer;
    @GetMapping("/send")
    public String sendMessage() {
        messageProducer.sendMessage("Hello, RabbitMQ!");
        return "Message sent";
    }
}