Spring Boot统一异常拦截实践指南(最新推荐)

public class BusinessException extends RuntimeException {
    private final int code;
    public BusinessException(int code, String message) {
        super(message);
        this.code = code;
    }
    // getters
}

@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
    /**
     * 处理业务异常
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(BusinessException.class)
    public ResponseResult<Void> handleBusinessException(BusinessException ex) {
        return ResponseResult.fail(ex.getCode(), ex.getMessage());
    }
    /**
     * 处理空指针异常
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(NullPointerException.class)
    public ResponseResult<Void> handleNullPointerException(NullPointerException ex) {
        log.error("空指针异常:", ex);
        return ResponseResult.fail(500, "系统内部错误");
    }
    /**
     * 处理所有未定义异常
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
    public ResponseResult<Void> handleGlobalException(Exception ex) {
        log.error("系统异常:", ex);
        return ResponseResult.fail(500, "系统繁忙，请稍后再试");
    }
}

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class ResponseResult<T> {
    private int code;
    private String message;
    private T data;
    public static <T> ResponseResult<T> success(T data) {
        return new ResponseResult<>(200, "success", data);
    }
    public static <T> ResponseResult<T> fail(int code, String message) {
        return new ResponseResult<>(code, message, null);
    }
}

@ExceptionHandler(MethodArgumentNotValidException.class)
public ResponseResult<Void> handleValidException(MethodArgumentNotValidException ex) {
    String message = ex.getBindingResult()
            .getFieldErrors()
            .stream()
            .map(FieldError::getDefaultMessage)
            .collect(Collectors.joining(", "));
    return ResponseResult.fail(400, message);
}

@Configuration
public class ErrorConfig implements ErrorController {
    @RequestMapping("/error")
    public ResponseResult<Void> handleNoHandlerFound() {
        return ResponseResult.fail(404, "接口不存在");
    }
}

# 开发环境显示详细错误
server.error.include-stacktrace=always
# 生产环境隐藏细节
# server.error.include-stacktrace=never

src/main/java
├── exception
│   ├── BusinessException.java
│   └── GlobalExceptionHandler.java
├── config
│   └── ErrorConfig.java
└── model
    └── ResponseResult.java