深入解析Spring TransactionTemplate 高级用法(示例代码)

import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionDefinition;
import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate;
public class TransactionTemplateExample {
    private PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager;
    public TransactionTemplateExample(PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager) {
        this.transactionManager = transactionManager;
    }
    public void executeTransaction() {
        TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate = new TransactionTemplate(transactionManager);
        transactionTemplate.setIsolationLevel(TransactionDefinition.ISOLATION_SERIALIZABLE);
        transactionTemplate.setTimeout(30); // 设置事务超时时间（秒）
        transactionTemplate.setPropagationBehavior(TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED);
        transactionTemplate.execute(status -> {
            // 模拟业务逻辑
            try {
                // 假设这里有一些数据库操作
                System.out.println("执行数据库操作...");
                // 模拟一个异常
                throw new RuntimeException("模拟异常");
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // 异常处理逻辑
                System.out.println("捕获到异常，事务将回滚");
                throw e;
            }
            // 如果没有异常，事务将自动提交
            System.out.println("事务提交成功");
            return "操作结果";
        });
    }
}

TransactionStatus status = transactionTemplate.getTransaction(new TransactionDefinition() {
    @Override
    public int getIsolationLevel() {
        return TransactionDefinition.ISOLATION_READ_COMMITTED;
    }
    @Override
    public int getPropagationBehavior() {
        return TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW;
    }
    @Override
    public int getTimeout() {
        return 30;
    }
    @Override
    public boolean isReadOnly() {
        return false;
    }
    @Override
    public String getName() {
        return "customTransaction";
    }
});
// 使用 TransactionStatus
if (status.isNewTransaction()) {
    System.out.println("这是一个新事务");
}
if (status.isCompleted()) {
    System.out.println("事务已提交或回滚");
}

TransactionStatus outerStatus = transactionTemplate.getTransaction(new TransactionDefinition() {
    // ...
});
try {
    TransactionStatus innerStatus = transactionTemplate.getTransaction(new TransactionDefinition() {
        // ...
    });
    // 执行嵌套事务中的业务逻辑
    // ...
    // 提交或回滚嵌套事务
    if (innerStatus.isNewTransaction()) {
        innerStatus.setRollbackOnly();
    }
} catch (Exception e) {
    // 处理异常
    if (outerStatus.isNewTransaction()) {
        outerStatus.setRollbackOnly();
    }
} finally {
    // 确保事务被提交或回滚
    if (outerStatus != null) {
        outerStatus.setRollbackOnly();
    }
}