使用C++实现单链表的操作与实践

struct Node {
    int data;      // 数据域
    Node* next;    // 指针域，指向下一个节点
};

class List {
private:
    Node* phead; // 链表头指针

public:
    // 构造函数
    List() : phead(nullptr) {}

    // 析构函数
    ~List() {
        while (phead != nullptr) {
            PopFront();
        }
    }

    // 创建节点
    Node* CreateNode(int x) {
        Node* node = new Node;
        node->data = x;
        node->next = nullptr;
        return node;
    }

    // 打印链表
    void PrintList() {
        Node* cur = phead;
        while (cur) {
            cout << cur->data << "-->";
            cur = cur->next;
        }
        cout << "NULL" << endl;
    }

    // 头插法
    void PushFront(int x) {
        Node* newNode = CreateNode(x);
        newNode->next = phead;
        phead = newNode;
    }

    // 尾插法
    void PushBack(int x) {
        Node* newNode = CreateNode(x);
        if (phead == nullptr)
            phead = newNode;
        else {
            Node* tail = phead;
            while (tail->next != nullptr) {
                tail = tail->next;
            }
            tail->next = newNode;
        }
    }

    // 头删
    void PopFront() {
        if (phead == nullptr)
            cout << "链表为空，无法进行删除操作！" << endl;
        else {
            Node* del = phead;
            phead = del->next;
            delete del;
            del = nullptr;
        }
    }

    // 尾删
    void PopBack() {
        if (phead == nullptr)
            cout << "链表为空，无法进行删除操作！" << endl;
        else {
            if (phead->next == nullptr) {
                delete phead;
                phead = nullptr;
            } else {
                Node* tail = phead;
                while (tail->next->next != nullptr) {
                    tail = tail->next;
                }
                delete tail->next;
                tail->next = nullptr;
            }
        }
    }
};

int main() {
    List ls1;  // 创建一个链表对象

    // 进行一些操作
    ls1.PushBack(1);
    ls1.PushBack(2);
    ls1.PushBack(3);
    ls1.PushBack(4);
    ls1.PushBack(5);

    // 打印链表
    ls1.PrintList();

    // 头删除和尾删除
    ls1.PopFront();
    ls1.PopBack();

    // 头插操作
    ls1.PushFront(9);

    // 打印链表
    ls1.PrintList();

    return 0;
}

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
//节点类型声明
struct Node
{
    int date;
    Node* next;
};
class List
{
private:
    //成员变量
    Node* phead;
public:
    //成员函数
    List() : phead(nullptr) {}//构造函数
    ~List()//析构函数
    {
        while(phead!=NULL)
        {
            PopFront();
        }
    }
    Node* CreateNode(int x)//创建节点
    {
        Node* node=new Node;
        node->date=x;
        node->next=NULL;
        return node;
    }
    void PrintList()//打印链表
    {
        Node *cur=phead;
        while(cur)
        {
            cout<<cur->date<<"-->";
            cur=cur->next;
        }
        cout<<"NULL"<<endl;
    }
    void PushFront(int x)//头插
    {
        Node*newnode=CreateNode(x);
        newnode->next=phead;
        phead=newnode;
    }
    void PushBack(int x)//尾插
    {
        Node*newnode=CreateNode(x);
        if(phead==NULL)
            phead=newnode;
        else
        {
            Node* tail = phead;
            while (tail->next != NULL)
            {
                tail = tail->next;
            }
            tail->next = newnode;
        }

    }
    void PopFront() //头删
    {
        if (phead==NULL)
            cout<<"链表为空，无法进行删除操作！"<<endl;
        else
        {
            Node* del=phead;
            phead=del->next;
            delete del;
            del=NULL;
        }
    }

    void PopBack()  //尾删
    {
        if (phead== NULL)
            cout<<"链表为空，无法进行删除操作！"<<endl;
       else
        {
           if(phead->next==NULL)
           {
               delete phead;
               phead=NULL;
           }
           else
           {
               Node* tail = phead;
               while (tail->next->next != NULL)
               {
                   tail = tail->next;
               }
               delete tail->next;
               tail->next=NULL;
           }
        }
    }

};
int main()
{
    List ls1;
    ls1.PushBack(1);
    ls1.PushBack(2);
    ls1.PushBack(3);
    ls1.PushBack(4);
    ls1.PushBack(5);
    ls1.PrintList();
    ls1.PopFront();
    ls1.PopBack();
    ls1.PushFront(9);
    ls1.PrintList();
    return 0;
}