使用Java后端操作Docker的详细教程

docker --version

# 使用官方Python运行时作为父镜像
FROM python:3.8-slim
 
# 设置工作目录
WORKDIR /app
 
# 将当前目录内容复制到位于/app中的容器中
COPY . /app
 
# 安装requirements.txt中指定的任何所需包
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt
 
# 使端口80可供此容器外的环境使用
EXPOSE 80
 
# 定义环境变量
ENV NAME World
 
# 在容器启动时运行app.py
CMD ["python", "app.py"]

    public void buildImageAndContainer(){
        try {
            // 设置第一个命令：构建Docker镜像
            ProcessBuilder buildProcessBuilder = new ProcessBuilder("docker", "build", "-t", "test0419", ".");
 
            // 设置工作目录为 "E:\\code\\docker\\test"
            buildProcessBuilder.directory(new File("E:\\code\\docker\\test"));
 
            // 启动构建镜像的命令并等待其完成
            Process buildProcess = buildProcessBuilder.start();
            buildProcess.waitFor();
 
            // 读取并打印出构建镜像的输出
            printProcessOutput(buildProcess);
 
            // 检查构建是否成功
            if (buildProcess.exitValue() == 0) {
                // 设置第二个命令：运行Docker容器
                ProcessBuilder runProcessBuilder = new ProcessBuilder("docker", "run", "-v", "E:/code/docker/test:/app", "-p", "80:80", "test0419");
 
                // 启动运行容器的命令
                Process runProcess = runProcessBuilder.start();
 
                // 读取并打印出运行容器的输出
                printProcessOutput(runProcess);
 
                // 可以在这里等待容器运行的进程结束，或者根据需要进行其他操作
                // runProcess.waitFor();
            } else {
                System.out.println("Docker image build failed.");
            }
        } catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {
            System.out.println(e);
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
 
    // 输出打印内容的私有方法
    private static String printProcessOutput(Process process) throws IOException {
        String output;
        String errorInfo;
        // 读取并打印标准输出
        output = readAndPrint(process.getInputStream(), "");
        // 读取并打印标准错误
        errorInfo = readAndPrint(process.getErrorStream(), "");
        return output+errorInfo;
    }
    private static String readAndPrint(InputStream inputStream, String prefix) throws IOException {
        StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder();
        try (BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream))) {
            String line;
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                output.append(prefix).append(line).append(System.lineSeparator());
                System.out.println(prefix + line); // 同时打印到控制台
            }
        }
        return output.toString();
    }

    // 删除容器和镜像
    public String deleteContainerAndImage(String imageName){
        // 定义一个线程池用于执行删除操作
        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
 
        // 异步获取容器 ID 列表并删除容器
        executorService.submit(() -> {
            try {
                List<String> containerIds = new ArrayList<>();
                String command = "docker ps -a -q --filter ancestor=" + imageName;
                ProcessBuilder processBuilder = new ProcessBuilder(command.split(" "));
                Process process = processBuilder.start();
 
                BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
                String line;
                while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                    containerIds.add(line.trim());
                }
 
                int exitCode = process.waitFor();
                if (exitCode != 0) {
                    System.err.println("Command executed with error. Exit code: " + exitCode);
                    return ;
                }
 
                // 删除容器
                for (String containerId : containerIds) {
                    String deleteContainerCommand = "docker rm -f " + containerId;
                    executeCommand(deleteContainerCommand);
                }
 
            } catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        });
 
        // 异步删除镜像
        executorService.submit(() -> {
            // 等待容器被删除
            try {
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(5); // 等待5秒，可以根据实际情况调整
                // 同样，如果你使用的是Docker，可以使用以下命令：
                String deleteImageCommand = "docker rmi " + imageName;
                executeCommand(deleteImageCommand);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        });
 
        // 关闭线程池
        executorService.shutdown();
 
        return "镜像与容器已删除";
    }
 
    // 用来执行cmd命令的方法
    private void executeCommand(String command) {
        try {
            // 使用ProcessBuilder执行命令
            ProcessBuilder processBuilder = new ProcessBuilder(command.split(" "));
            Process process = processBuilder.start();
 
            // 调用已有的方法来打印输出
            printProcessOutput(process);
 
            // 等待进程结束
            int exitCode = process.waitFor();
            if (exitCode != 0) {
                // 处理非零退出码，可能表示命令执行出错
                System.err.println("Command executed with error. Exit code: " + exitCode);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // 处理命令执行过程中可能遇到的IO异常
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            // 如果waitFor()方法被中断，重新设置中断状态并处理
            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // 处理命令字符串分割可能出现的异常
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }