Spring Jms 模块案例讲解

<dependencies>
    <!-- Spring Core 依赖 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.39</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- Spring JMS 依赖 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.39</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- ActiveMQ 依赖 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
        <artifactId>activemq-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- JMS API 依赖 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.jms</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.jms-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.1</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:jms="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms/spring-jms.xsd">
    <!-- 配置 ActiveMQ 连接工厂 -->
    <bean id="connectionFactory" class="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory">
        <constructor-arg value="tcp://localhost:61616"/>  <!-- ActiveMQ 服务器地址 -->
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置 JMS 模板 -->
    <bean id="jmsTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">
        <property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置消息监听器容器 -->
    <bean id="jmsListenerContainer" class="org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer">
        <property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory"/>
        <property name="destinationName" value="test.queue"/>
        <property name="messageListener" ref="messageReceiver"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 消息消费者（监听器） -->
    <bean id="messageReceiver" class="com.example.jms.MessageReceiver"/>
</beans>

package com.example.jms;
import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;
import javax.jms.Queue;
public class MessageSender {
    private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate;
    private Queue queue;
    // 构造方法注入
    public MessageSender(JmsTemplate jmsTemplate, Queue queue) {
        this.jmsTemplate = jmsTemplate;
        this.queue = queue;
    }
    public void sendMessage(String message) {
        System.out.println("发送消息：" + message);
        jmsTemplate.convertAndSend(queue, message);
    }
}

package com.example.jms;
import javax.jms.Message;
import javax.jms.MessageListener;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
public class MessageReceiver implements MessageListener {
    @Override
    public void onMessage(Message message) {
        try {
            if (message instanceof TextMessage) {
                String text = ((TextMessage) message).getText();
                System.out.println("收到消息：" + text);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

package com.example.jms;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;
import javax.jms.Queue;
public class JmsApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 加载 Spring XML 配置
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-jms-config.xml");
        // 获取 JmsTemplate 和队列
        JmsTemplate jmsTemplate = (JmsTemplate) context.getBean("jmsTemplate");
        Queue queue = (Queue) context.getBean("testQueue");
        // 发送消息
        MessageSender sender = new MessageSender(jmsTemplate, queue);
        sender.sendMessage("Hello, Spring-JMS!");
        System.out.println("消息已发送！");
    }
}

activemq start