Spring Boot整合消息队列RabbitMQ的实现示例

# 添加 Erlang 仓库
wget https://packages.erlang-solutions.com/erlang-solutions_2.0_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i erlang-solutions_2.0_all.deb
sudo apt-get update

# 安装 Erlang
sudo apt-get install esl-erlang

# 添加 RabbitMQ 仓库
echo "deb https://dl.bintray.com/rabbitmq/debian $(lsb_release -sc) main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bintray.rabbitmq.list
wget -O- https://dl.bintray.com/rabbitmq/Keys/rabbitmq-release-signing-key.asc | sudo apt-key add -
wget -O- https://www.rabbitmq.com/rabbitmq-release-signing-key.asc | sudo apt-key add -
sudo apt-get update

# 安装 RabbitMQ
sudo apt-get install rabbitmq-server

sudo systemctl start rabbitmq-server

sudo systemctl enable rabbitmq-server

sudo rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

spring.rabbitmq.host=localhost
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: localhost
    port: 5672
    username: guest
    password: guest

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.DirectExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {

    public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "myQueue";
    public static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "myExchange";
    public static final String ROUTING_KEY = "myRoutingKey";

    @Bean
    public Queue queue() {
        return new Queue(QUEUE_NAME, true);
    }

    @Bean
    public DirectExchange exchange() {
        return new DirectExchange(EXCHANGE_NAME);
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding binding(Queue queue, DirectExchange exchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(ROUTING_KEY);
    }
}

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class MessageSender {

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    public void sendMessage(String message) {
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig.EXCHANGE_NAME, RabbitMQConfig.ROUTING_KEY, message);
    }
}

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class MessageReceiver {

    @RabbitListener(queues = RabbitMQConfig.QUEUE_NAME)
    public void receiveMessage(String message) {
        System.out.println("Received message: " + message);
    }
}

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class MessageController {

    @Autowired
    private MessageSender messageSender;

    @GetMapping("/send")
    public String sendMessage(@RequestParam String message) {
        messageSender.sendMessage(message);
        return "Message sent: " + message;
    }
}