Java后端实现短链接生成功能

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
    <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
    <version>5.8.31</version>
</dependency>

package com.boot.utils;

import cn.hutool.core.lang.hash.MurmurHash;

/**
 * @date: 2025/3/7 15:32
 * @description: 生成短链接的工具类
 */
public class HashUtils {

    private static char[] CHARS = new char[]{
            '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9',
            'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z',
            'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z'
    };
    private static int SIZE = CHARS.length;

    private static String convertDecToBase62(long num) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        while (num > 0) {
            int i = (int) (num % SIZE);
            sb.append(CHARS[i]);
            num /= SIZE;
        }
        return sb.reverse().toString();
    }

    public static String hashToBase62(String str) {
        int i = MurmurHash.hash32(str);
        long num = i < 0 ? Integer.MAX_VALUE - (long) i : i;
        return convertDecToBase62(num);
    }
}

package com.boot.controller;

import com.boot.utils.HashUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author: Re
 * @date: 2025/3/7 15:34
 * @description: 必须描述类做什么事情, 实现什么功能
 */
@Controller
public class UrlController {

		/**
     * 存储长链接和短链接的映射关系（亦可存储在其他中间件中，如：Redis，MySQL等）
     */
    private static Map<String, String> URL_MAP = new HashMap<>();

    /**
     * 生成短链接
     * @param longUrl
     */
    @PostMapping("/generate")
    @ResponseBody
    public String generate(@RequestParam String longUrl) {
        String shortUrl = HashUtils.hashToBase62(longUrl);
        URL_MAP.put(shortUrl, longUrl);
        return shortUrl;
    }

    /**
     * 短链接点击跳转
     * @param shortURL
     */
    @GetMapping("/{shortURL}")
    public String redirect(@PathVariable String shortURL) {
        if (URL_MAP.containsKey(shortURL)) {
            return "redirect:" + URL_MAP.get(shortURL);
        } else {
            return "redirect:/";
        }
    }

    /**
     * 发送邮件
     */
    @GetMapping("/sendMeg")
    @ResponseBody
    public String sendMeg(String email, String msg){
        return "发送成功:" + email + ":" + msg;
    }
}

@RestController
public class UrlController {

	/**
     * 你的跳转地址ip或者域名
     */
    private final String BASE_URL = "http://127.0.0.1:9001/";
	/**
     * 存储长链接和短链接的映射关系
     */
    private static Map<String, String> URL_MAP = new HashMap<>();

    /**
     * 生成短链接
     * @param longUrl
     */
    @PostMapping("/generate")
    public String generate(@RequestParam String longUrl) {
        String shortUrl = HashUtils.hashToBase62(longUrl);
        URL_MAP.put(shortUrl, BASE_URL + longUrl);
        return shortUrl;
    }

    /**
     * 短链接点击跳转
     * @param shortURL
     */
    @GetMapping("/{shortURL}")
    public void redirect(@PathVariable String shortURL, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        if (URL_MAP.containsKey(shortURL)) {
            response.sendRedirect(URL_MAP.get(shortURL));
        } else {
            response.sendRedirect("/");
        }
    }

    /**
     * 发送邮件
     */
    @PostMapping("/sendMeg")
    public String sendMeg(String email, String msg){
        return "发送成功:" + email + ":" + msg;
    }
}