java实现给某个文件或文件夹设置特定访问权限

// ================================================
// File: pom.xml - Maven 项目配置，包含依赖
// ================================================
/*
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" ...>
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.example</groupId>
  <artifactId>fs-perm-manager</artifactId>
  <version>1.0.0</version>
  <dependencies>
    <!-- Apache Commons CLI -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-cli</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-cli</artifactId>
      <version>1.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- SLF4J API -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
      <version>1.7.36</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- Logback -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
      <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.11</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>
*/
 
// ================================================
// File: src/main/java/com/example/fsperm/PermissionManager.java
// ================================================
package com.example.fsperm;
 
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
/**
 * 统一权限管理入口，根据操作系统选择POSIX或ACL实现
 */
public class PermissionManager {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PermissionManager.class);
    private final FilePermissionService service;
 
    public PermissionManager() {
        String os = System.getProperty("os.name").toLowerCase();
        if (os.contains("win")) {
            service = new AclPermissionService();
            logger.info("使用Windows ACL权限服务");
        } else {
            service = new PosixPermissionService();
            logger.info("使用POSIX文件权限服务");
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * 设置单个路径权限
     */
    public void setPermissions(String pathStr, String perms, boolean recursive) throws Exception {
        Path path = Paths.get(pathStr);
        FileUtils.checkWritePermission(path);
        if (recursive && FileUtils.isDirectory(path)) {
            FileUtils.walk(path, p -> {
                service.setPermissions(p, perms);
            });
        } else {
            service.setPermissions(path, perms);
        }
        FileUtils.verify(path, perms, recursive, service);
    }
 
    /**
     * 读取权限并返回字符串
     */
    public String getPermissions(String pathStr) throws Exception {
        Path path = Paths.get(pathStr);
        return service.getPermissions(path);
    }
}
 
// ================================================
// File: src/main/java/com/example/fsperm/FilePermissionService.java
// ================================================
package com.example.fsperm;
 
import java.nio.file.Path;
 
/**
 * 文件权限操作接口
 */
public interface FilePermissionService {
    void setPermissions(Path path, String perms) throws Exception;
    String getPermissions(Path path) throws Exception;
}
 
// ================================================
// File: src/main/java/com/example/fsperm/PosixPermissionService.java
// ================================================
package com.example.fsperm;
 
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.attribute.PosixFilePermission;
import java.nio.file.attribute.PosixFilePermissions;
import java.util.Set;
 
/**
 * POSIX权限操作实现
 */
public class PosixPermissionService implements FilePermissionService {
    @Override
    public void setPermissions(Path path, String perms) throws Exception {
        Set<PosixFilePermission> posixPerms = PosixFilePermissions.fromString(perms);
        Files.setPosixFilePermissions(path, posixPerms);
    }
 
    @Override
    public String getPermissions(Path path) throws Exception {
        Set<PosixFilePermission> posixPerms = Files.getPosixFilePermissions(path);
        return PosixFilePermissions.toString(posixPerms);
    }
}
 
// ================================================
// File: src/main/java/com/example/fsperm/AclPermissionService.java
// ================================================
package com.example.fsperm;
 
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.attribute.AclEntry;
import java.nio.file.attribute.AclEntryType;
import java.nio.file.attribute.AclFileAttributeView;
import java.nio.file.attribute.UserPrincipal;
import java.nio.file.attribute.UserPrincipalLookupService;
import java.util.List;
 
/**
 * Windows ACL权限操作实现
 */
public class AclPermissionService implements FilePermissionService {
    @Override
    public void setPermissions(Path path, String perms) throws Exception {
        AclFileAttributeView view = Files.getFileAttributeView(path, AclFileAttributeView.class);
        UserPrincipalLookupService lookup = path.getFileSystem().getUserPrincipalLookupService();
        // simplicity: perms 格式 "user:USERNAME:ALLOW:READ,WRITE"
        String[] parts = perms.split(":");
        String usr = parts[1], mode = parts[2], rights = parts[3];
        UserPrincipal principal = lookup.lookupPrincipalByName(usr);
        AclEntry.Builder builder = AclEntry.newBuilder();
        builder.setType(AclEntryType.valueOf(mode));
        builder.setPrincipal(principal);
        for (String r : rights.split(",")) {
            builder.setPermissions(AclEntryPermission.valueOf("FILE_" + r));
        }
        List<AclEntry> acl = view.getAcl();
        acl.add(0, builder.build());
        view.setAcl(acl);
    }
 
    @Override
    public String getPermissions(Path path) throws Exception {
        AclFileAttributeView view = Files.getFileAttributeView(path, AclFileAttributeView.class);
        return view.getAcl().toString();
    }
}
 
// ================================================
// File: src/main/java/com/example/fsperm/FileUtils.java
// ================================================
package com.example.fsperm;
 
import java.nio.file.*;
import java.util.function.Consumer;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
/**
 * 公共工具类：权限校验、递归遍历、验证
 */
public class FileUtils {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FileUtils.class);
 
    public static void checkWritePermission(Path path) throws Exception {
        if (!Files.isWritable(path)) {
            throw new Exception("当前进程对路径无写权限：" + path);
        }
    }
 
    public static boolean isDirectory(Path path) {
        return Files.isDirectory(path);
    }
 
    public static void walk(Path path, Consumer<Path> consumer) throws Exception {
        Files.walk(path).forEach(consumer);
    }
 
    public static void verify(Path path, String perms, boolean recursive, FilePermissionService svc) throws Exception {
        if (recursive && isDirectory(path)) {
            walk(path, p -> {
                try {
                    String actual = svc.getPermissions(p);
                    logger.info("验证权限：" + p + " => " + actual);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    logger.error("验证失败：" + p, e);
                }
            });
        } else {
            String actual = svc.getPermissions(path);
            logger.info("验证权限：" + path + " => " + actual);
        }
    }
}
 
// ================================================
// File: src/main/java/com/example/fsperm/CommandLineApp.java
// ================================================
package com.example.fsperm;
 
import org.apache.commons.cli.*;
 
/**
 * 命令行入口，支持参数解析和执行
 */
public class CommandLineApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Options options = CLIOptions.build();
        try {
            CommandLine cmd = new DefaultParser().parse(options, args);
            if (cmd.hasOption("help")) {
                new HelpFormatter().printHelp("fs-perm-manager", options);
                return;
            }
            String path = cmd.getOptionValue("path");
            String perms = cmd.getOptionValue("perm");
            boolean recursive = cmd.hasOption("recursive");
            PermissionManager mgr = new PermissionManager();
            mgr.setPermissions(path, perms, recursive);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.err.println("操作失败: " + e.getMessage());
            System.exit(1);
        }
    }
}
 
// ================================================
// File: src/main/java/com/example/fsperm/CLIOptions.java
// ================================================
package com.example.fsperm;
 
import org.apache.commons.cli.*;
 
/**
 * 定义命令行参数
 */
public class CLIOptions {
    public static Options build() {
        Options options = new Options();
        options.addOption("h", "help", false, "显示帮助信息");
        options.addOption(Option.builder("p").longOpt("path").hasArg().argName("路径").required().desc("文件或目录路径").build());
        options.addOption(Option.builder().longOpt("perm").hasArg().argName("权限").required().desc("权限参数").build());
        options.addOption("r", "recursive", false, "是否递归处理目录");
        return options;
    }
}