一文详解Java线程安全的集合有哪些

import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;

public class BlockingQueueExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        BlockingQueue<String> queue = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(10);

        // 生产者线程
        Thread producer = new Thread(() -> {
            try {
                for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
                    queue.put("Item " + i); // 如果队列满了，会阻塞
                    System.out.println("Produced: Item " + i);
                    Thread.sleep(100);
                }
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        });

        // 消费者线程
        Thread consumer = new Thread(() -> {
            try {
                for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
                    String item = queue.take(); // 如果队列为空，会阻塞
                    System.out.println("Consumed: " + item);
                    Thread.sleep(200);
                }
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        });

        producer.start();
        consumer.start();
    }
}

import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;

public class ConcurrentHashMapExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConcurrentHashMap<String, Integer> map = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

        // 多个线程并发地向 map 中添加元素
        Runnable task = () -> {
            for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
                map.putIfAbsent("Key" + i, i); // 原子操作
            }
        };

        Thread thread1 = new Thread(task);
        Thread thread2 = new Thread(task);

        thread1.start();
        thread2.start();
    }
}

import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;

public class CopyOnWriteArrayListExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<String> list = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();

        // 读线程
        Runnable reader = () -> {
            for (String item : list) {
                System.out.println("Read: " + item);
            }
        };

        // 写线程
        Runnable writer = () -> {
            list.add("New Item");
            System.out.println("Added: New Item");
        };
    }
}