Springboot使用Redis实现定时任务的三种方式

CONFIG SET notify-keyspace-events Ex

@Component
public class KeyExpiredListener extends KeyExpirationEventMessageListener {
    public KeyExpiredListener(RedisMessageListenerContainer listenerContainer) {
        super(listenerContainer);
    }

    @Override
    public void onMessage(Message message, byte[] pattern) {
        String expiredKey = new String(message.getBody());
        if (expiredKey.startsWith("task:")) { // 过滤业务键
            System.out.println("执行任务: " + expiredKey);
            // 例如：task:123 过期时执行订单超时逻辑
        }
    }
}

@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
    @Bean
    RedisMessageListenerContainer container(RedisConnectionFactory factory, 
                                           KeyExpiredListener listener) {
        RedisMessageListenerContainer container = new RedisMessageListenerContainer();
        container.setConnectionFactory(factory);
        container.addMessageListener(listener, new PatternTopic("__keyevent@*__:expired"));
        return container;
    }
}

@Service
public class TaskScheduler {
    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate redisTemplate;

    public void scheduleTask(String taskId, long delaySeconds) {
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("task:" + taskId, "data", 
                delaySeconds, TimeUnit.SECONDS); // 键在 delaySeconds 秒后过期
    }
}

public void addTask(String taskId, Instant executeTime) {
    stringRedisTemplate.opsForZSet().add("scheduled_tasks", taskId, 
          executeTime.getEpochSecond());
}

@Scheduled(cron = "0 * * * * *") // 每分钟执行
public void pollTasks() {
    long now = Instant.now().getEpochSecond();
    Set<String> tasks = stringRedisTemplate.opsForZSet()
          .rangeByScore("scheduled_tasks", 0, now); // 获取所有到期任务

    for (String task : tasks) {
        System.out.println("执行任务: " + task);
        // 执行后移除任务
        stringRedisTemplate.opsForZSet().remove("scheduled_tasks", task);
    }
}

@Component
public class DistributedTask {
    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate redisTemplate;
    private static final String LOCK_KEY = "TASK_LOCK:ORDER_CLEAN";

    @Scheduled(cron = "0 0 3 * * ?") // 每天凌晨3点执行
    public void dailyTask() {
        Boolean locked = redisTemplate.opsForValue()
                .setIfAbsent(LOCK_KEY, "locked", Duration.ofMinutes(10));
        if (Boolean.TRUE.equals(locked)) {
            try {
                cleanExpiredOrders(); // 执行核心任务
            } finally {
                redisTemplate.delete(LOCK_KEY); // 释放锁（可选）
            }
        }
    }
}