SpringBoot实现敏感配置信息加密与解密

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.github.ulisesbocchio</groupId>
    <artifactId>jasypt-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>3.0.5</version>
</dependency>

jasypt:
  encryptor:
    password: ${ENCRYPT_KEY}  # 密钥从环境变量获取
    algorithm: PBEWithHMACSHA512ANDAES_256  # 推荐使用强加密算法
    iv-generator-classname: org.jasypt.iv.RandomIvGenerator

# 下载jasypt-cli包
wget https://github.com/jasypt/jasypt/releases/download/jasypt-1.9.3/jasypt-1.9.3-dist.zip
unzip jasypt-1.9.3-dist.zip

# 执行加密命令（密钥用你的实际密钥替换）
java -cp jasypt-1.9.3/lib/jasypt-1.9.3.jar org.jasypt.intf.cli.JasyptPBEStringEncryptionCLI input="你的明文密码" password=你的密钥(32字节) algorithm=PBEWithHMACSHA512ANDAES_256 ivGeneratorClassName=org.jasypt.iv.RandomIvGenerator

spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://prod-db:3306/order_db
    username: root
    password: ENC(加密后的密文)  # 用ENC()包裹

java -jar app.jar -Djasypt.encryptor.password=你的密钥
# 或者用环境变量
ENCRYPT_KEY=你的密钥 
java -jar app.jar

package com.example.config.encrypt;

import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.security.Security;
import java.util.Base64;

/**
 * 国密SM4加密工具类
 * 依赖bcprov-jdk15on
 */
public class SM4Utils {
    static {
        Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider());
    }
    
    private static final String ALGORITHM_NAME = "SM4";
    private static final String ALGORITHM_NAME_ECB_PADDING = "SM4/ECB/PKCS7Padding";
    private SecretKeySpec secretKeySpec;
    private Cipher cipher;

    public SM4Utils(String key) {
        try {
            secretKeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes(), ALGORITHM_NAME);
            cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHM_NAME_ECB_PADDING, "BC");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("初始化SM4加密工具失败", e);
        }
    }

    // 加密
    public String encrypt(String plainText) {
        try {
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKeySpec);
            byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(plainText.getBytes());
            return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(encrypted);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("SM4加密失败", e);
        }
    }

    // 解密
    public String decrypt(String cipherText) {
        try {
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKeySpec);
            byte[] decrypted = cipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(cipherText));
            return new String(decrypted);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("SM4解密失败", e);
        }
    }
}

package com.example.config.encrypt;

import org.springframework.core.env.PropertySource;

/**
 * 自定义加密配置源
 * 解密以"sm4:"开头的配置项
 */
public class Sm4EncryptedPropertySource extends PropertySource<Object> {
    private final PropertySource<?> source;
    private final SM4Utils sm4Utils;

    public Sm4EncryptedPropertySource(String name, PropertySource<?> source, String key) {
        super(name);
        this.source = source;
        this.sm4Utils = new SM4Utils(key);
    }

    @Override
    public Object getProperty(String name) {
        Object value = source.getProperty(name);
        if (value instanceof String) {
            String strValue = (String) value;
            // 解密以"sm4:"开头的配置
            if (strValue.startsWith("sm4:")) {
                String cipherText = strValue.substring(4);
                return sm4Utils.decrypt(cipherText);
            }
        }
        return value;
    }
}

package com.example.config.encrypt;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.env.EnvironmentPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.core.env.ConfigurableEnvironment;
import org.springframework.core.env.MutablePropertySources;
import org.springframework.core.env.PropertySource;

/**
 * 环境后置处理器，注册自定义PropertySource
 */
public class EncryptedEnvironmentPostProcessor implements EnvironmentPostProcessor {
    @Override
    public void postProcessEnvironment(ConfigurableEnvironment environment, SpringApplication application) {
        MutablePropertySources propertySources = environment.getPropertySources();
        
        // 从环境变量获取SM4密钥
        String sm4Key = environment.getProperty("SM4_KEY");
        if (sm4Key == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("环境变量SM4_KEY未配置");
        }
        
        // 遍历所有PropertySource，包装需要解密的配置
        for (PropertySource<?> source : propertySources) {
            if (source.getName().contains("application.yaml")) {
                propertySources.replace(source.getName(), 
                    new Sm4EncryptedPropertySource(source.getName(), source, sm4Key));
            }
        }
    }
}

org.springframework.boot.env.EnvironmentPostProcessor=\
com.example.config.encrypt.EncryptedEnvironmentPostProcessor

spring:
  datasource:
    password: sm4:加密后的密文  # 用SM4加密

@RestController
public class ConfigTestController {
    @Value("${spring.datasource.password}")
    private String dbPassword;

    @GetMapping("/test/config")
    public String testConfig() {
        // 打印脱敏后的密码（只显示前3位和后3位）
        if (dbPassword.length() > 6) {
            return "密码解密成功：" + dbPassword.substring(0, 3) + "******" + dbPassword.substring(dbPassword.length() - 3);
        }
        return "密码解密成功";
    }
}