Spring事务管理中的“Rollback-only”问题分析与解决方案

2025-07-07 16:37:42.269 ERROR c.m.o.s.c.impl.MonitorServiceImpl - 零乙-shuying邮件发送失败
2025-07-07 16:37:42.270 ERROR o.s.s.s.TaskUtils$LoggingErrorHandler - Unexpected error occurred in scheduled task
org.springframework.transaction.UnexpectedRollbackException: 
    Transaction silently rolled back because it has been marked as rollback-only

@Override
@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public void p99Inform(ChannelMonitorDataVo channelMonitorDataVos, QueryMonitorDataForm queryMonitorDataForm) {
    // 1. 检查P99延迟
    if (max >= 2000) {
        try {
            // 调用邮件服务（嵌套事务）
            emailService.sendSimpleMail(agentId.toString(), email, "P99告警", "请处理");
            // 记录通知日志（DB操作）
            sysNotifyRecordMapper.insertRecord(record);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("邮件发送失败", e); // 捕获异常但未抛出
        }
    }
}

@Override
@Transactional // 默认REQUIRED传播行为
public void sendSimpleMail(String companyCode, String to, String subject, String text) {
    try {
        mailSender.send(message);
    } catch (MailException e) {
        throw new RuntimeException("邮件发送失败"); // 触发回滚
    }
}

@Override
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW) // 独立事务
public void sendSimpleMail(String companyCode, String to, String subject, String text) {
    // 逻辑不变
}

try {
    emailService.sendSimpleMail(...);
} catch (Exception e) {
    log.error("邮件发送失败，但不影响主流程", e); // 仅记录，不抛出
}

@Override // 无@Transactional
public void sendSimpleMail(...) {
    // 直接发送邮件
}

// 业务异常（不触发回滚）
public class BusinessException extends RuntimeException {}

// 系统异常（触发回滚）
public class SystemException extends RuntimeException {}

@Transactional
public void execute() {
    try {
        emailService.send();
    } catch (BusinessException e) {
        log.warn("业务异常，继续执行");
    }
}

redisTemplate.opsForHash().increment(redisKey, redisHashKey, 1);

catch (Exception e) {
    log.error("邮件发送失败: company={}, to={}", companyCode, to, e);
}