在Java中实现线程之间的数据共享的几种方式总结

public class Counter {
    private int count = 0;
    public synchronized void increment() { count++; }  // 同步方法
    public int getCount() { return count; }
}

private ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
public void update() {
    lock.lock();
    try { /* 修改共享数据 */ } 
    finally { lock.unlock(); }
}

public class StatusChecker {
    private volatile boolean isRunning = true;  // 线程可见
    public void stop() { isRunning = false; }
}

private AtomicInteger counter = new AtomicInteger(0);
public void safeIncrement() {
    counter.incrementAndGet();  // 原子操作
}

ConcurrentHashMap<String, Integer> map = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
map.put("key", 100);  // 线程安全

private static ThreadLocal<Integer> threadLocal = ThreadLocal.withInitial(() -> 0);
public void setValue(int val) { threadLocal.set(val); }  // 仅当前线程可见

BlockingQueue<String> queue = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(10);
// 生产者
queue.put("data");  // 队列满时阻塞
// 消费者
String data = queue.take();  // 队列空时阻塞

public synchronized void produce() throws InterruptedException {
    while (isFull) wait();  // 释放锁并等待
    produceData();
    notifyAll();  // 唤醒消费者
}