SpringBoot对接阿里云OSS的详细步骤和流程

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId>
    <artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId>
    <version>3.17.0</version> <!-- 使用最新稳定版本 -->
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.glassfish.jaxb</groupId>
    <artifactId>jaxb-runtime</artifactId>
    <version>3.0.2</version>
</dependency>

aliyun:
  oss:
    endpoint: oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com  # Bucket 所在地域的 Endpoint
    access-key-id: your-access-key-id
    access-key-secret: your-access-key-secret
    bucket-name: your-bucket-name
    max-file-size: 10MB  # 最大文件限制（可选）
    allowed-extensions: jpg,jpeg,png,pdf  # 允许的文件类型（可选）

@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "aliyun.oss")
@Data
public class OssConfig {
    private String endpoint;
    private String accessKeyId;
    private String accessKeySecret;
    private String bucketName;
}

@Component
public class OssClientFactory {
    @Autowired
    private OssConfig ossConfig;

    private OSS ossClient;

    @PostConstruct
    public void init() {
        ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(
            ossConfig.getEndpoint(),
            ossConfig.getAccessKeyId(),
            ossConfig.getAccessKeySecret()
        );
    }

    @PreDestroy
    public void shutdown() {
        if (ossClient != null) {
            ossClient.shutdown();
        }
    }
}

@Service
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class OssService {
    private final OssConfig ossConfig;
    private final OssClientFactory ossClientFactory;

    public String uploadFile(MultipartFile file) {
        // 校验文件
        validateFile(file);

        // 生成唯一文件名（避免重复）
        String fileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString() + "_" + file.getOriginalFilename();

        try (InputStream inputStream = file.getInputStream()) {
            // 上传到 OSS
            ossClientFactory.getOssClient().putObject(
                ossConfig.getBucketName(),
                fileName,
                inputStream
            );
            // 生成访问 URL
            return generateAccessUrl(fileName);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("文件上传失败", e);
        }
    }

    private String generateAccessUrl(String fileName) {
        Date expiration = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + 3600 * 1000); // URL 有效期 1 小时
        return ossClientFactory.getOssClient().generatePresignedUrl(
            ossConfig.getBucketName(),
            fileName,
            expiration
        ).toString();
    }

    private void validateFile(MultipartFile file) {
        // 校验文件大小
        if (file.getSize() > parseSize(ossConfig.getMaxFileSize())) {
            throw new RuntimeException("文件大小超过限制");
        }
        // 校验文件类型
        String extension = FilenameUtils.getExtension(file.getOriginalFilename()).toLowerCase();
        if (!Arrays.asList(ossConfig.getAllowedExtensions().split(",")).contains(extension)) {
            throw new RuntimeException("不支持的文件类型");
        }
    }

    private long parseSize(String size) {
        // 解析如 "10MB" 为字节单位
        // 实现略...
    }
}

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/oss")
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class OssController {
    private final OssService ossService;

    @PostMapping("/upload")
    public ResponseEntity<String> uploadFile(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) {
        String url = ossService.uploadFile(file);
        return ResponseEntity.ok(url);
    }
}

public void downloadFile(String fileName, String localPath) {
    ossClientFactory.getOssClient().getObject(
        new GetObjectRequest(ossConfig.getBucketName(), fileName),
        new File(localPath)
    );
}

public void deleteFile(String fileName) {
    ossClientFactory.getOssClient().deleteObject(
        ossConfig.getBucketName(),
        fileName
    );
}

// 添加水印
GeneratePresignedUrlRequest request = new GeneratePresignedUrlRequest(bucketName, fileName);
request.addResponseHeader("x-oss-process", "image/watermark,image_aHR0cDovL3Npb2FsQ0hJTmV3UzIwMjMxMDA1,size_20,text_QDUxQ1RPQ0hJTmV3UzIwMjMxMDA1001");
URL url = ossClient.generatePresignedUrl(request);