Spring Boot父子工程POM依赖关系举例详解

spring-boot-parent/
├── parent-pom.xml          # 父工程POM
├── common/                 # 公共工具模块
│   └── pom.xml
├── api/                    # API接口模块
│   └── pom.xml
├── service/                # 业务服务模块
│   └── pom.xml
└── web/                    # Web应用启动模块
    └── pom.xml

<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>  <!-- 关键：父工程必须是pom类型 -->

<modules>
    <module>common</module>
    <module>api</module>
    <module>service</module>
    <module>web</module>
</modules>

<properties>
    <spring-boot.version>3.2.0</spring-boot.version>
    <spring-cloud.version>2023.0.0</spring-cloud.version>
    <mysql.version>8.0.33</mysql.version>
    <!-- 其他版本号... -->
</properties>

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot 依赖管理 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>  <!-- 导入Spring Boot的依赖管理 -->
        </dependency>
        
        <!-- 自定义依赖版本管理 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <!-- 内部模块依赖管理 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>common</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

<dependencies>
    <!-- 所有子模块都会自动包含这些依赖 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

<build>
    <pluginManagement>
        <plugins>
            <!-- Spring Boot Maven Plugin -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
</build>

<parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0</version>
    <relativePath>../parent-pom.xml</relativePath>
</parent>

<dependencies>
    <!-- 依赖其他子模块 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.example</groupId>
        <artifactId>common</artifactId>
        <!-- 不需要指定版本，由父工程管理 -->
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- 依赖外部库 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <!-- 不需要指定版本，由父工程管理 -->
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

web (启动模块)
├── service (业务服务)
│   ├── api (API接口)
│   │   └── common (公共工具)
│   └── common (公共工具)
└── common (公共工具)

<!-- 父工程：只管理版本 -->
<dependencyManagement>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>8.0.33</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencyManagement>

<!-- 子模块：实际引入依赖 -->
<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <!-- 版本由父工程管理 -->
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>  <!-- 仅测试时使用 -->
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    <optional>true</optional>  <!-- 不会传递给依赖方 -->
</dependency>