Java中死锁问题及解决方法

public class DeadlockExample {
    private static final Object lock1 = new Object();
    private static final Object lock2 = new Object();

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread thread1 = new Thread(() -> {
            synchronized (lock1) {
                System.out.println("Thread1 holds lock1");
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(100);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                System.out.println("Thread1 waiting for lock2");
                synchronized (lock2) {
                    System.out.println("Thread1 holds lock1 and lock2");
                }
            }
        });

        Thread thread2 = new Thread(() -> {
            synchronized (lock2) {
                System.out.println("Thread2 holds lock2");
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(100);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                System.out.println("Thread2 waiting for lock1");
                synchronized (lock1) {
                    System.out.println("Thread2 holds lock1 and lock2");
                }
            }
        });

        thread1.start();
        thread2.start();
    }
}

// 修改后的代码 - 确保相同的锁获取顺序
Thread thread1 = new Thread(() -> {
    synchronized (lock1) {
        synchronized (lock2) {
            // 操作资源
        }
    }
});

Thread thread2 = new Thread(() -> {
    synchronized (lock1) {
        synchronized (lock2) {
            // 操作资源
        }
    }
});

Lock lock1 = new ReentrantLock();
Lock lock2 = new ReentrantLock();

public void method() {
    while(true) {
        if(lock1.tryLock()) {
            try {
                if(lock2.tryLock()) {
                    try {
                        // 执行操作
                        break;
                    } finally {
                        lock2.unlock();
                    }
                }
            } finally {
                lock1.unlock();
            }
        }
        // 随机休眠避免活锁
        Thread.sleep((long)(Math.random() * 100));
    }
}

if(lock.tryLock(100, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
    try {
        // 访问共享资源
    } finally {
        lock.unlock();
    }
} else {
    // 未能获取锁的处理逻辑
}