VS Code C++ 环境配置及 HelloWorld 程序(保姆教程)

# 1. 安装 Visual Studio Code
# 下载地址：https://code.visualstudio.com/
# 2. 安装 MSVC 或 MinGW
# 方案A：安装 Visual Studio Build Tools
# 下载：https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/zh-hans/downloads/
# 勾选 "使用C++的桌面开发"
# 方案B：安装 MinGW-w64
# 下载：https://sourceforge.net/projects/mingw-w64/

# 安装 Xcode Command Line Tools
xcode-select --install
# 或使用 Homebrew 安装 GCC
brew install gcc

sudo apt update
sudo apt install build-essential gdb

my-cpp-project/
├── .vscode/
│   ├── tasks.json      # 编译任务配置
│   ├── launch.json     # 调试配置
│   └── c_cpp_properties.json # 编译器配置
├── src/
│   └── main.cpp        # 源代码
└── build/              # 编译输出目录（自动生成）

#include <iostream>
int main() {
    std::cout << "Hello, VS Code C++ World!" << std::endl;
    // 一些额外的示例
    std::cout << "================" << std::endl;
    std::cout << "C++ 版本: " << __cplusplus << std::endl;
    int a = 10, b = 20;
    std::cout << "a + b = " << a + b << std::endl;
    // 等待用户输入
    std::cout << "\n按回车键退出...";
    std::cin.get();
    return 0;
}

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Win32",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/**",
                "${default}"
            ],
            "defines": [
                "_DEBUG",
                "UNICODE",
                "_UNICODE"
            ],
            "windowsSdkVersion": "10.0.19041.0",
            "compilerPath": "C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/g++.exe",  // 根据实际路径修改
            "cStandard": "c17",
            "cppStandard": "c++17",
            "intelliSenseMode": "windows-gcc-x64"
        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "type": "cppbuild",
            "label": "C/C++: g++.exe 构建活动文件",
            "command": "g++",
            "args": [
                "-fdiagnostics-color=always",
                "-g",
                "${workspaceFolder}/src/main.cpp",
                "-o",
                "${workspaceFolder}/build/main.exe"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
            },
            "problemMatcher": ["$gcc"],
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            },
            "detail": "编译器: g++.exe"
        },
        {
            "label": "Clean Build",
            "command": "rm",
            "args": ["-rf", "${workspaceFolder}/build/*"],
            "type": "shell",
            "group": "build"
        }
    ]
}

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "(gdb) 启动",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/build/main.exe",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": true,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "miDebuggerPath": "C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/gdb.exe", // 根据实际路径修改
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "为 gdb 启用整齐打印",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                }
            ],
            "preLaunchTask": "C/C++: g++.exe 构建活动文件"
        }
    ]
}

// tasks.json (Windows MinGW)
{
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "build",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "g++",
            "args": [
                "-g",
                "-std=c++17",
                "${workspaceFolder}/src/*.cpp",
                "-I${workspaceFolder}/include",
                "-o",
                "${workspaceFolder}/build/main.exe"
            ],
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            }
        }
    ]
}

// tasks.json (macOS/Linux)
{
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "build",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "g++",
            "args": [
                "-g",
                "-std=c++17",
                "${workspaceFolder}/src/*.cpp",
                "-I${workspaceFolder}/include",
                "-o",
                "${workspaceFolder}/build/main"
            ],
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            }
        }
    ]
}

# 进入项目目录
cd my-cpp-project
# 创建build目录
mkdir -p build
# 编译
g++ -g -std=c++17 src/main.cpp -o build/main
# 运行 (Linux/macOS)
./build/main
# 运行 (Windows)
.\build\main.exe

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
project(HelloWorld)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
add_executable(main src/main.cpp)

# Windows: 确保 MinGW 已加入 PATH
# 检查方法：
g++ --version
# 在终端设置 PATH
set PATH=C:\mingw64\bin;%PATH%

// 在 main.cpp 开头添加：
#ifdef _WIN32
#include <windows.h>
#endif
int main() {
#ifdef _WIN32
    SetConsoleOutputCP(65001); // UTF-8
#endif
    std::cout << "中文测试" << std::endl;
}

git clone https://github.com/yourusername/vscode-cpp-template.git
cd vscode-cpp-template
code .