Java实现Word、Excel、PDF文件格式互转的几种实现方式

<dependencies>
    <!-- Apache POI for Word and Excel -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
        <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
        <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.3</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- iText for PDF -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.itextpdf</groupId>
        <artifactId>itext7-core</artifactId>
        <version>7.2.5</version>
        <type>pom</type>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- Apache PDFBox for PDF handling -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.pdfbox</groupId>
        <artifactId>pdfbox</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.27</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFDocument;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import com.itextpdf.kernel.pdf.PdfDocument;
import com.itextpdf.kernel.pdf.PdfWriter;
import com.itextpdf.layout.Document;
import com.itextpdf.layout.element.Paragraph;
import org.apache.pdfbox.pdmodel.PDDocument;
import org.apache.pdfbox.text.PDFTextStripper;

import java.io.*;

public class DocumentConverter {
    
    // Word转PDF
    public static void convertWordToPdf(String inputPath, String outputPath) throws IOException {
        try (XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument(new FileInputStream(inputPath));
             PdfWriter writer = new PdfWriter(outputPath);
             PdfDocument pdf = new PdfDocument(writer);
             Document pdfDoc = new Document(pdf)) {
            
            // 简单实现：提取文本内容并写入PDF
            document.getParagraphs().forEach(paragraph -> {
                pdfDoc.add(new Paragraph(paragraph.getText()));
            });
        }
    }
    
    // Excel转PDF
    public static void convertExcelToPdf(String inputPath, String outputPath) throws IOException {
        try (Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(new FileInputStream(inputPath));
             PdfWriter writer = new PdfWriter(outputPath);
             PdfDocument pdf = new PdfDocument(writer);
             Document pdfDoc = new Document(pdf)) {
            
            Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
            for (Row row : sheet) {
                StringBuilder rowText = new StringBuilder();
                for (Cell cell : row) {
                    switch (cell.getCellType()) {
                        case STRING:
                            rowText.append(cell.getStringCellValue()).append("\t");
                            break;
                        case NUMERIC:
                            rowText.append(cell.getNumericCellValue()).append("\t");
                            break;
                        default:
                            rowText.append("\t");
                    }
                }
                pdfDoc.add(new Paragraph(rowText.toString()));
            }
        }
    }
    
    // PDF转Word (简单文本提取)
    public static void convertPdfToWord(String inputPath, String outputPath) throws IOException {
        try (PDDocument document = PDDocument.load(new File(inputPath));
             XWPFWordDocument wordDocument = new XWPFDocument();
             FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(outputPath)) {
            
            PDFTextStripper stripper = new PDFTextStripper();
            String text = stripper.getText(document);
            
            // 创建段落并添加文本
            XWPFParagraph paragraph = wordDocument.createParagraph();
            XWPFRun run = paragraph.createRun();
            run.setText(text);
            
            wordDocument.write(out);
        }
    }
    
    // PDF转Excel (简单实现)
    public static void convertPdfToExcel(String inputPath, String outputPath) throws IOException {
        try (PDDocument document = PDDocument.load(new File(inputPath));
             Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
             FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(outputPath)) {
            
            PDFTextStripper stripper = new PDFTextStripper();
            String text = stripper.getText(document);
            
            Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("PDF Content");
            String[] lines = text.split("\n");
            
            for (int i = 0; i < lines.length; i++) {
                Row row = sheet.createRow(i);
                Cell cell = row.createCell(0);
                cell.setCellValue(lines[i]);
            }
            
            workbook.write(out);
        }
    }
}

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.aspose</groupId>
        <artifactId>aspose-words</artifactId>
        <version>22.11</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.aspose</groupId>
        <artifactId>aspose-cells</artifactId>
        <version>22.11</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.aspose</groupId>
        <artifactId>aspose-pdf</artifactId>
        <version>22.11</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

import com.aspose.words.Document;
import com.aspose.words.SaveFormat;
import com.aspose.cells.Workbook;
import com.aspose.pdf.*;

public class AsposeDocumentConverter {
    
    // Word转PDF
    public static void convertWordToPdf(String inputPath, String outputPath) throws Exception {
        Document doc = new Document(inputPath);
        doc.save(outputPath, SaveFormat.PDF);
    }
    
    // Excel转PDF
    public static void convertExcelToPdf(String inputPath, String outputPath) throws Exception {
        Workbook workbook = new Workbook(inputPath);
        workbook.save(outputPath, com.aspose.cells.SaveFormat.PDF);
    }
    
    // PDF转Word
    public static void convertPdfToWord(String inputPath, String outputPath) throws Exception {
        Document doc = new Document(inputPath);
        doc.save(outputPath, SaveFormat.DOCX);
    }
    
    // PDF转Excel
    public static void convertPdfToExcel(String inputPath, String outputPath) throws Exception {
        com.aspose.pdf.Document pdfDocument = new com.aspose.pdf.Document(inputPath);
        ExcelSaveOptions options = new ExcelSaveOptions();
        pdfDocument.save(outputPath, options);
    }
    
    // Word转Excel
    public static void convertWordToExcel(String inputPath, String outputPath) throws Exception {
        // 先将Word转为PDF，再转为Excel
        String tempPdf = "temp.pdf";
        convertWordToPdf(inputPath, tempPdf);
        convertPdfToExcel(tempPdf, outputPath);
        new java.io.File(tempPdf).delete();
    }
    
    // Excel转Word
    public static void convertExcelToWord(String inputPath, String outputPath) throws Exception {
        // 先将Excel转为PDF，再转为Word
        String tempPdf = "temp.pdf";
        convertExcelToPdf(inputPath, tempPdf);
        convertPdfToWord(tempPdf, outputPath);
        new java.io.File(tempPdf).delete();
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // 使用开源方案
            DocumentConverter.convertWordToPdf("input.docx", "output.pdf");
            DocumentConverter.convertExcelToPdf("input.xlsx", "output.pdf");
            
            // 使用Aspose方案（需要许可证）
            // AsposeDocumentConverter.setLicense(); // 设置许可证
            AsposeDocumentConverter.convertWordToPdf("input.docx", "output.pdf");
            AsposeDocumentConverter.convertExcelToPdf("input.xlsx", "output.pdf");
            
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}