基于C# WinForms实现多窗口通信(附完整代码)

// 子窗体定义
public partial class ChildForm : Form
{
    private string _initialData;
    public ChildForm(string data)
    {
        InitializeComponent();
        _initialData = data;
        txtReceived.Text = $"初始数据: {_initialData}";
    }
}

// 主窗体调用
private void OpenChildForm()
{
    var child = new ChildForm("来自主窗体的消息");
    child.Show();
}

// 子窗体定义
public partial class ChildForm : Form
{
    public event Action<string> DataSubmitted;
    private void btnSave_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        DataSubmitted?.Invoke(txtInput.Text);
        this.Close();
    }
}

// 主窗体调用
private void OpenChildForm()
{
    var child = new ChildForm();
    child.DataSubmitted += result => 
    {
        lblResult.Text = $"收到回传: {result}";
    };
    child.ShowDialog();
}

// 消息中心实现
public static class MessageCenter
{
    public static event Action<string, string> MessageReceived;
    public static void Send(string sender, string msg)
    {
        MessageReceived?.Invoke(sender, msg);
    }
}

// 子窗体订阅
public partial class ChildForm : Form
{
    public ChildForm()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
        MessageCenter.MessageReceived += OnMessageReceived;
    }

    private void OnMessageReceived(string sender, string msg)
    {
        if(sender != this.Name) 
            txtLog.AppendText($"[{sender}]: {msg}\n");
    }
}

// 主窗体发送
MessageCenter.Send("MainForm", "系统通知：配置已更新");

// 定义委托
public delegate void DataUpdateHandler(string newData);

// 子窗体定义
public partial class ChildForm : Form
{
    public DataUpdateHandler OnDataUpdate;
    private void UpdateData(string data)
    {
        OnDataUpdate?.Invoke(data);
    }
}

// 主窗体绑定
var child = new ChildForm();
child.OnDataUpdate += (newData) => 
{
    this.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate {
        lblStatus.Text = newData;
    });
};

// 定义接口
public interface IDataReceiver
{
    void ProcessData(string data);
}

// 主窗体实现
public partial class MainForm : Form, IDataReceiver
{
    public void ProcessData(string data)
    {
        lstData.Items.Add(data);
    }
}

// 子窗体调用
public partial class ChildForm : Form
{
    private IDataReceiver _receiver;
    public ChildForm(IDataReceiver receiver)
    {
        _receiver = receiver;
    }
    private void SendData(string data)
    {
        _receiver?.ProcessData(data);
    }
}

// 主窗体打开子窗体
var child = new ChildForm();
child.Owner = this;
child.Show();

// 子窗体访问主窗体
public partial class ChildForm : Form
{
    private void UpdateMainForm()
    {
        if(Owner is MainForm main)
        {
            main.txtLog.AppendText("来自子窗体的消息");
        }
    }
}

// 在消息中心添加日志
public static void Send(string sender, string msg)
{
    Debug.WriteLine($"[{DateTime.Now:HH:mm:ss}] {sender}: {msg}");
    MessageReceived?.Invoke(sender, msg);
}

// 使用WeakEventManager避免内存泄漏
WeakEventManager messageManager = new WeakEventManager();
messageManager.AddHandler(this, nameof(MessageReceived), OnMessageReceived);

// 使用Invoke确保UI线程安全
MessageCenter.MessageReceived += (_, msg) => 
{
    this.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate {
        txtLog.AppendText(msg);
    });
};