Spring Boot 全局异常处理与参数校验功能实现

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
</dependency>

public interface BaseExceptionInterface {
    String getErrorCode();
    String getErrorMessage();
}

@Getter
@Setter
public class BizException extends RuntimeException {
    private String errorCode;
    private String errorMessage;
    public BizException(BaseExceptionInterface baseExceptionInterface) {
        this.errorCode = baseExceptionInterface.getErrorCode();
        this.errorMessage = baseExceptionInterface.getErrorMessage();
    }
}

@Getter
@AllArgsConstructor
public enum ResponseCodeEnum implements BaseExceptionInterface {
    // 通用异常
    SYSTEM_ERROR("AUTH-10000", "出错啦，后台小哥正在努力修复中..."),
    PARAM_NOT_VALID("AUTH-10001", "参数错误"),
    // 业务异常往后加
    ;
    private final String errorCode;
    private final String errorMessage;
}

throw new BizException(ResponseCodeEnum.SYSTEM_ERROR);

BizException 构造参数
        ↓ 依赖
BaseExceptionInterface（接口：规定必须有 errorCode + errorMessage）
        ↑ 实现
ResponseCodeEnum（枚举：集中管理所有错误码）

@ControllerAdvice
@Slf4j
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
    /** 业务异常 */
    @ExceptionHandler({ BizException.class })
    @ResponseBody
    public Response<Object> handleBizException(HttpServletRequest request, BizException e) {
        log.warn("{} request fail, errorCode: {}, errorMessage: {}",
                request.getRequestURI(), e.getErrorCode(), e.getErrorMessage());
        return Response.fail(e);
    }
    /** 参数校验失败 */
    @ExceptionHandler({ MethodArgumentNotValidException.class })
    @ResponseBody
    public Response<Object> handleMethodArgumentNotValidException(
            HttpServletRequest request, MethodArgumentNotValidException e) {
        String errorCode = ResponseCodeEnum.PARAM_NOT_VALID.getErrorCode();
        BindingResult bindingResult = e.getBindingResult();
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        Optional.ofNullable(bindingResult.getFieldErrors()).ifPresent(errors -> {
            errors.forEach(error ->
                sb.append(error.getField())
                  .append(" ")
                  .append(error.getDefaultMessage())
                  .append(", 当前值: '")
                  .append(error.getRejectedValue())
                  .append("'; ")
            );
        });
        log.warn("{} request error, errorCode: {}, errorMessage: {}",
                request.getRequestURI(), errorCode, sb.toString());
        return Response.fail(errorCode, sb.toString());
    }
    /** 其他未捕获的异常——兜底 */
    @ExceptionHandler({ Exception.class })
    @ResponseBody
    public Response<Object> handleOtherException(HttpServletRequest request, Exception e) {
        log.error("{} request error", request.getRequestURI(), e);
        return Response.fail(ResponseCodeEnum.SYSTEM_ERROR);
    }
}

Exception（其他所有异常）         ← 第三层：保底，全拦住了
  └─ MethodArgumentNotValidException  ← 第二层：参数校验
  └─ BizException                      ← 第一层：业务异常

@Data
public class User {
    @NotBlank(message = "昵称不能为空")
    private String nickName;
    private LocalDateTime createTime;
}

@PostMapping("/test2")
@ApiOperationLog(description = "测试接口2")
public Response<User> test2(@Valid @RequestBody User user) {
    return Response.success(user);
}

sb: "nickName 昵称不能为空, 当前值: ''; "

// 不满足条件，直接抛
if (user == null) {
    throw new BizException(ResponseCodeEnum.SYSTEM_ERROR);
}

// 通用异常
SYSTEM_ERROR("AUTH-10000", "出错啦，后台小哥正在努力修复中..."),
PARAM_NOT_VALID("AUTH-10001", "参数错误"),
// 业务异常
LOGIN_FAILED("AUTH-20001", "用户名或密码错误"),
USER_NOT_FOUND("AUTH-20002", "用户不存在"),
UNAUTHORIZED("AUTH-20003", "没有访问权限"),
;

throw new BizException(ResponseCodeEnum.LOGIN_FAILED);