Nginx正向代理与反向代理详解

[客户端] → [Nginx正向代理] → [目标服务器]
                             ↓
                    [响应返回到客户端]

# nginx.conf
events {}

http {
    server {
        listen 8888;

        resolver 8.8.8.8;

        location / {
            proxy_pass $scheme://$http_host$request_uri;
            proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        }
    }
}

[客户端] → [Nginx反向代理] → [后端服务器]
                            ↓
                   [响应返回到客户端]

http {
    upstream backend {
        server 192.168.1.101:8080;
        server 192.168.1.102:8080;
    }

    server {
        listen 80;

        location / {
            proxy_pass http://backend;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }
    }
}

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name www.example.com;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://192.168.1.100:8080;
    }
}

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name api.example.com;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://192.168.1.200:8081;
    }
}