Nginx 1.28.0 源码编译安装与自定义网页部署详细指南

vim /root/nginx_install.sh

#!/bin/bash
# Nginx 1.28.0 源码编译安装脚本（CentOS 7.x，root执行）
# ==================== 配置参数 ====================
NGINX_VERSION="1.28.0"
NGINX_PACKAGE="/root/nginx-${NGINX_VERSION}.tar.gz"
INSTALL_PATH="/usr/local/nginx"
# =================================================
# 1. 检查root权限
if [ $UID -ne 0 ]; then
    echo "请使用root用户执行此脚本！"
    exit 1
fi
# 2. 检查安装包是否存在
if [ ! -f "${NGINX_PACKAGE}" ]; then
    echo "错误：/root目录下未找到nginx-${NGINX_VERSION}.tar.gz安装包！"
    exit 1
fi
# 3. 安装编译依赖
echo "===== 安装编译依赖 ====="
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel
# 4. 解压源码包
echo "===== 解压Nginx源码包 ====="
cd /root
tar -zxf nginx-${NGINX_VERSION}.tar.gz
cd nginx-${NGINX_VERSION}
# 5. 配置编译参数（含SSL、gzip、rewrite等核心模块）
echo "===== 配置编译参数 ====="
./configure \
--prefix=${INSTALL_PATH} \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-pcre
# 6. 编译并安装
echo "===== 编译并安装Nginx ====="
make && make install
# 7. 配置环境变量（方便直接调用nginx命令）
echo "===== 配置环境变量 ====="
if ! grep -q "nginx" /etc/profile; then
    echo "export PATH=\$PATH:${INSTALL_PATH}/sbin" >> /etc/profile
fi
source /etc/profile
# 8. 创建系统服务（systemd管理，开机自启）
echo "===== 创建Nginx系统服务 ====="
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Nginx Web Server
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=${INSTALL_PATH}/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=${INSTALL_PATH}/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=${INSTALL_PATH}/sbin/nginx -s stop
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
# 重载systemd配置并设置开机自启
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable nginx
# 9. 开放防火墙端口（80/443）
echo "===== 开放防火墙端口 ====="
firewall-cmd --add-service=http --permanent
firewall-cmd --add-service=https --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
# 10. 启动Nginx并验证
echo "===== 启动Nginx并验证 ====="
systemctl start nginx
sleep 2
if ps aux | grep nginx | grep -v grep > /dev/null; then
    echo "====================================="
    echo "✅ Nginx ${NGINX_VERSION} 安装成功！"
    echo "安装路径：${INSTALL_PATH}"
    echo "配置文件：${INSTALL_PATH}/conf/nginx.conf"
    echo "网页目录：${INSTALL_PATH}/html"
    echo "启动命令：systemctl start nginx"
    echo "访问地址：http://你的服务器IP"
    echo "====================================="
else
    echo "❌ Nginx 启动失败，请检查安装日志！"
    exit 1
fi

chmod +x nginx_install.sh
sh /root/nginx_install.sh
source /etc/profile

yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel

cd /root
tar -zxf nginx-1.28.0.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.28.0

./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-pcre

make && make install

echo "export PATH=\$PATH:/usr/local/nginx/sbin" >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Nginx Web Server
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
# 重载配置并设置开机自启
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable nginx

firewall-cmd --add-service=http --permanent
firewall-cmd --add-service=https --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload

# 启动Nginx
systemctl start nginx
# 验证进程
ps aux | grep nginx
# 验证端口（80端口）
ss -tlnp | grep 80
# 本地访问测试
curl http://127.0.0.1

# 备份默认首页（可选）
cp /usr/local/nginx/html/index.html /usr/local/nginx/html/index.html.bak
# 将本地自定义的index.html上传到服务器（示例用scp，也可通过rz、FTP等方式）
scp /本地路径/index.html root@你的服务器IP:/usr/local/nginx/html/
# 刷新页面即可访问（无需重启Nginx）

# 启动Nginx
systemctl start nginx
# 停止Nginx
systemctl stop nginx
# 重启Nginx
systemctl restart nginx
# 重载配置（修改配置文件后用，不中断服务）
systemctl reload nginx
# 或直接用主程序
nginx -s reload
# 检查配置文件语法
nginx -t
# 查看Nginx状态
systemctl status nginx
# 查看Nginx进程
ps aux | grep nginx
# 查看端口占用
ss -tlnp | grep nginx

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name 你的服务器IP;
    location / {
        root /usr/local/nginx/html/frontend;
        index index.html index.htm;
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; # 解决SPA路由刷新404问题
    }
    # 反向代理后端接口示例
    location /api {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
    }
}

nginx -t && nginx -s reload