超越Tomcat的Spike之如何使用netty搭建Http服务器

softwarer-spike/
├── softwarer-spike-core/           # 核心功能模块
│   ├── src/main/java/org/softwarer/spike/
│   │   ├── Spike.java             # HTTP服务器核心类
│   │   └── RequestHandler.java    # HTTP请求处理器
│   └── pom.xml                    # 核心模块依赖配置
├── softwarer-spike-test/           # 测试模块
│   ├── src/test/java/org/softwarer/spike/test/
│   │   └── SpikeTest.java         # 测试类
│   └── pom.xml                    # 测试模块依赖配置
└── pom.xml                        # 父项目配置

public class Spike {
    private final int port;
    public Spike(int port) {
        this.port = port;
    }
    public void start() throws Exception {
        // 主事件循环组，处理连接请求
        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
        // 工作事件循环组，处理IO操作
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
            b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 128)
                    .childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true)
                    .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) {
                            // 添加HTTP编解码器
                            ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpServerCodec());
                            // 添加自定义的HTTP请求处理器
                            ch.pipeline().addLast(new RequestHandler());
                        }
                    });
            // 绑定端口并启动服务器
            ChannelFuture f = b.bind(port).sync();
            System.out.println("HTTP服务器已启动，监听端口: " + port);
            // 等待服务器关闭
            f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            // 关闭事件循环组
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}

public class RequestHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<HttpObject> {
    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, HttpObject msg) {
        if (msg instanceof HttpRequest request) {
            // 获取请求路径
            String uri = request.uri();
            System.out.println("收到请求: " + uri);
            // 构建响应内容
            Map<String, String> responseData = new HashMap<>();
            responseData.put("status", "success");
            responseData.put("message", "Hello, Netty HTTP Server!");
            responseData.put("path", uri);
            String responseBody = "<html><body>" +
                    "<h1>Netty HTTP Server</h1>" +
                    "<p>Status: " + responseData.get("status") + "</p>" +
                    "<p>Message: " + responseData.get("message") + "</p>" +
                    "<p>Path: " + responseData.get("path") + "</p>" +
                    "<p>Method: " + request.method().name() + "</p>" +
                    "</body></html>";
            // 构建HTTP响应
            FullHttpResponse response = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(
                    HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1,
                    HttpResponseStatus.OK,
                    Unpooled.copiedBuffer(responseBody, CharsetUtil.UTF_8)
            );
            // 设置响应头
            response.headers().set(HttpHeaderNames.CONTENT_TYPE, "text/html; charset=UTF-8");
            response.headers().set(HttpHeaderNames.CONTENT_LENGTH, response.content().readableBytes());
            response.headers().set(HttpHeaderNames.CONNECTION, HttpHeaderValues.KEEP_ALIVE);
            // 发送响应并关闭连接
            ctx.writeAndFlush(response).addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
        }
    }
}

// 优化前
EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
// 优化后
EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1, new DefaultThreadFactory("boss"));
EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(
    Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors() * 2,
    new DefaultThreadFactory("worker")
);

// 优化前
FullHttpResponse response = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(
        HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1,
        HttpResponseStatus.OK,
        Unpooled.copiedBuffer(responseBody, CharsetUtil.UTF_8)
);
// 优化后
ByteBuf buffer = ctx.alloc().buffer(responseBody.length());
buffer.writeBytes(responseBody.getBytes(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
FullHttpResponse response = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(
        HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1,
        HttpResponseStatus.OK,
        buffer
);

# 克隆项目 (Gitee)
git clone https://gitee.com/shendeyidi/softwarer-spike.git
# 编译项目
mvn clean compile
# 运行服务器
mvn exec:java -pl softwarer-spike-core -Dexec.mainClass="org.softwarer.spike.Spike"
# 访问服务器
http://localhost:8080