关于MySQL中的 like操作符详情

SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for user
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
CREATE TABLE `user`  (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键',
  `name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名',
  `age` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '年龄',
  `sex` smallint(6) NOT NULL COMMENT '性别',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 8 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of user
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (1, '李子捌', 18, 1);
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (2, '张三', 22, 1);
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (3, '李四', 38, 1);
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (4, '王五', 25, 1);
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (5, '六麻子', 13, 0);
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (6, '田七', 37, 1);
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (7, '谢礼', 18, 1);

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;
复制代码
数据的初始顺序如下所示：

mysql> select * from user;
+----+--------+-----+-----+
| id | name   | age | sex |
+----+--------+-----+-----+
|  1 | 李子捌 |  18 |   1 |
|  2 | 张三   |  22 |   1 |
|  3 | 李四   |  38 |   1 |
|  4 | 王五   |  25 |   1 |
|  5 | 六麻子 |  13 |   0 |
|  6 | 田七   |  37 |   1 |
|  7 | 谢礼   |  18 |   1 |
+----+--------+-----+-----+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from user where name like '张%';
+----+------+-----+-----+
| id | name | age | sex |
+----+------+-----+-----+
|  2 | 张三 |  22 |   1 |
+----+------+-----+-----+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from user where name like '%七';
+----+------+-----+-----+
| id | name | age | sex |
+----+------+-----+-----+
|  6 | 田七 |  37 |   1 |
+----+------+-----+-----+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from user where name like '%李%';
+----+--------+-----+-----+
| id | name   | age | sex |
+----+--------+-----+-----+
|  1 | 李子捌 |  18 |   1 |
|  3 | 李四   |  38 |   1 |
+----+--------+-----+-----+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from user where name like '李_';
+----+------+-----+-----+
| id | name | age | sex |
+----+------+-----+-----+
|  3 | 李四 |  38 |   1 |
+----+------+-----+-----+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from user where name like '_三';
+----+------+-----+-----+
| id | name | age | sex |
+----+------+-----+-----+
|  2 | 张三 |  22 |   1 |
+----+------+-----+-----+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from user where name like '_麻_';
+----+--------+-----+-----+
| id | name   | age | sex |
+----+--------+-----+-----+
|  5 | 六麻子 |  13 |   0 |
+----+--------+-----+-----+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)