MySql数据库触发器使用教程

# 用户表
SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for users
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `users`;
CREATE TABLE `users`  (
  `id` int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键',
  `user_name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户名',
  `sex` varchar(1) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性别',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 5 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;


# 用户操作日志表
SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for user_log
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_log`;
CREATE TABLE `user_log`  (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `content` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  `create_time` datetime(0) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

# 创建只有一个执行语句的触发器

create trigger 触发器名 before|after 触发事件
on 表名 for each row
执行语句；

# 创建有多个执行语句的触发器

create trigger 触发器名 before|after 触发事件
on 表名 for each row
begin  
   执行语句列表
end;

drop TRIGGER if EXISTS TRIGGER_test;
-- 需求1：当users表添加一行数据，则会自动在user_log添加日志记录
delimiter $$
CREATE TRIGGER TRIGGER_test after INSERT
on users FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
INSERT INTO user_log(content,create_time) VALUES('添加了一条数据',NOW());
end $$
delimiter ;

INSERT INTO users(user_name,sex) VALUES('xiaohemaio','男');


-- 需求2：当users表修改一行数据，则会自动在user_log添加日志记录
drop TRIGGER if EXISTS TRIGGER_test1;

delimiter $$
CREATE TRIGGER TRIGGER_test1  BEFORE UPDATE
on users FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
INSERT INTO user_log(content,create_time) VALUES('修改了一条数据',NOW());
end $$
delimiter ;

update users set user_name='迪丽热巴' WHERE id=3;

-- 案例一
drop TRIGGER if EXISTS TRIGGER_test2;

delimiter $$
CREATE TRIGGER TRIGGER_test2 after INSERT
on users FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
INSERT INTO user_log(content,create_time) VALUES(CONCAT('添加的用户信息为：',NEW.user_name,' 性别为：',NEW.sex ),NOW());
end $$
delimiter ;

INSERT INTO users(user_name,sex) VALUES('xiaohemaio','男');


-- 案例二 
drop TRIGGER if EXISTS TRIGGER_test3;

delimiter $$
CREATE TRIGGER TRIGGER_test3  BEFORE UPDATE
on users FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
INSERT INTO user_log(content,create_time) VALUES(CONCAT('将：',OLD.user_name,' 修改为：',NEW.user_name ),NOW());
end $$
delimiter ;

update users set user_name='迪丽热巴' WHERE id=4;

-- 案例三
drop TRIGGER if EXISTS TRIGGER_test4;

delimiter $$
CREATE TRIGGER TRIGGER_test4  BEFORE DELETE
on users FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
INSERT INTO user_log(content,create_time) VALUES(CONCAT('将id为：',OLD.user_name,' 已删除' ),NOW());
end $$
delimiter ;

DELETE FROM  users WHERE id=4;

-- 查看触发器
SHOW TRIGGERS；

-- 删除触发器
drop TRIGGER if EXISTS 触发器名;

mysql> INSERT INTO users (userName, password, name, nickName, sex, email, isManager) VALUE ('itbilu', 'e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e', 'IT笔录', 'itbilu', 1, 'cn.liuht@gmail.com', 0);

mysql> INSERT INTO userRoles (userId, roleId) VALUE (1, 1);

mysql> select isManager from users;
+-----------+
| isManager |
+-----------+
|         1 |
+-----------+