CentOS7安装MySQL8的超级详细教程(无坑!)

rpm -qa|grep mariadb

rpm -e --nodeps 文件名

rpm -qa|grep mariadb

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

.tar.gz后缀：tar -zxvf 文件名
.tar.xz后缀：tar -Jxvf 文件名

# 重命名
mv 原文件夹名 mysql8
# 软链接
ln -s 文件夹名 mysql8

#临时环境变量，关闭shell后失效，通常用于测试环境
export PATH=$PATH:/data/software/mysql8/bin

# 创建一个用户组：mysql
groupadd mysql
# 创建一个系统用户：mysql，指定用户组为mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql

mkdir -p /data/software/mysql8/datas

# 更改属主和数组
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/software/mysql8/datas
# 更改模式
chmod -R 750 /data/software/mysql8/datas

[mysql]
# 默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8mb4
[client]
port       = 3306
socket     = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
port       = 3306
server-id  = 3306
user       = mysql
socket     = /tmp/mysql.sock
# 安装目录
basedir    = /data/software/mysql8
# 数据存放目录
datadir    = /data/software/mysql8/datas/mysql
log-bin    = /data/software/mysql8/datas/mysql/mysql-bin
innodb_data_home_dir      =/data/software/mysql8/datas/mysql
innodb_log_group_home_dir =/data/software/mysql8/datas/mysql
#日志及进程数据的存放目录
log-error =/data/software/mysql8/datas/mysql/mysql.log
pid-file  =/data/software/mysql8/datas/mysql/mysql.pid
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码
character-set-server=utf8mb4
lower_case_table_names=1
autocommit =1
 
 ##################以上要修改的########################
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 256M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 1024
sort_buffer_size = 4M
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 4M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 128
  
#query_cache_size = 128M
tmp_table_size = 128M
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true
max_connections = 500
max_connect_errors = 100
open_files_limit = 65535
   
binlog_format=mixed
    
binlog_expire_logs_seconds =864000
    
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
transaction-isolation=READ-COMMITTED
      
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
       
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 4M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
        
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

mysqld --defaults-file=/data/software/mysql8/my.cnf --basedir=/data/software/mysql8/ --datadir=/data/software/mysql8/datas/mysql --user=mysql --initialize-insecure

# 完整命令
/data/software/mysql8/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/software/mysql8/my.cnf &
# 添加PATH变量后的命令（省略bin目录的路径）
mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/software/mysql/my.cnf &

ps -ef|grep mysql

# 无密码登录方式
/data/software/mysql8/bin/mysql -u root --skip-password
# 有密码登录方式（初始的随机密码在/data/mysql8_data/mysql/mysql.log下）
mysql -u root -p
password:随机密码

# 修改密码
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
# 刷新权限
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

mysql> use mysql
mysql> update user set user.Host='%'where user.User='root';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> quit