Linux环境下安装MySQL8.0的完整步骤

cd /usr/local/

mkdir mysql

cd mysql

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

tar xvJf mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz 

mv mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql-8.0

mkdir data

  groupadd mysql
  
  useradd -g mysql mysql

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0

chmod 750 /usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0/data -R

vim /etc/profile
#--------------------------
#点击键盘上的i键，进入输入模式，在配置文件最后增加一行：
#--------------------------
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0/bin:/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0/lib
#添加完成后，按Esc键退出输入模式，进入命令模式，输入:wq，保存并退出
#然后在输入cat /etc/profile  查看是否保存成功，效果如下：↓↓↓↓↓↓

vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8mb4
[client]
#port=3306
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
#port=3306
#server-id=3306
user=mysql
general_log = 1
general_log_file= /var/log/mysql/mysql.log
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
basedir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0/data
log-bin=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0/data/mysql-bin
innodb_data_home_dir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0/data
innodb_log_group_home_dir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0/data/
character-set-server=utf8mb4
lower_case_table_names=1
autocommit=1
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
symbolic-links=0
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0/data/mysql.log
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0/data/mysql.pid

#
# include all files from the config directory

cd bin

./mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0 --datadir=/usr/local/mysql//mysql-8.0/data/ --initialize
#初始化完成后，复制最后的初始密码，保存下来后面需要（这一步好像并没有用）
#igTn=3j-

cp -a ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql 

cp -a ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

chown 777 /etc/my.cnf

chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

mkdir /var/lib/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/ 

service mysql start 
#出现SUCCESS 说明启动成功，效果图如下：

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '新密码';

flush privileges;#刷新权限

use mysql;

mysql> create user 'root'@'%' identified by  'password';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
 
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

flush privileges;#刷新权限