详解如何校验MySQL及Oracle时间字段合规性

CREATE TABLE T1(ID NUMBER,CREATE_DATE VARCHAR2(20));
INSERT INTO T1 SELECT 1, '2007-01-01' FROM DUAL;
INSERT INTO T1 SELECT 2, '2007-99-01' FROM DUAL;            -- 异常数据
INSERT INTO T1 SELECT 3, '2007-12-31' FROM DUAL;
INSERT INTO T1 SELECT 4, '2007-12-99' FROM DUAL;            -- 异常数据
INSERT INTO T1 SELECT 5, '2005-12-29 03:-1:119' FROM DUAL;  -- 异常数据
INSERT INTO T1 SELECT 6, '2015-12-29 00:-1:49' FROM DUAL;   -- 异常数据

EXEC DBMS_ERRLOG.CREATE_ERROR_LOG('T1','T1_ERROR','DEMO');

-- 创建临时表做数据校验
CREATE TABLE T1_TMP(ID NUMBER,CREATE_DATE DATE);
-- 插入数据到临时表验证时间数据有效性（增加LOG ERRORS将错误信息输出到错误日志表）
INSERT INTO T1_TMP 
SELECT ID, TO_DATE(CREATE_DATE, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
FROM T1 
LOG ERRORS INTO T1_ERROR REJECT LIMIT UNLIMITED;

SELECT * FROM DEMO.T1_ERROR;

-- 创建测试表
SQL> CREATE TABLE T_ORDER(
    ID BIGINT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    ORDER_NAME VARCHAR(64),
    ORDER_TIME DATETIME);
-- 设置不严谨的SQL_MODE允许插入不规范的时间数据
SQL> SET SQL_MODE='STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,ALLOW_INVALID_DATES';
SQL> INSERT INTO T_ORDER(ORDER_NAME,ORDER_TIME) VALUES 
        ('MySQL','2022-01-01'),
        ('Oracle','2022-02-30'),
        ('Redis','9999-00-04'),
        ('MongoDB','0000-03-00');
-- 数据示例
SQL> SELECT * FROM T_ORDER;
+----+------------+---------------------+
| ID | ORDER_NAME | ORDER_TIME          |
+----+------------+---------------------+
|  1 | MySQL      | 2022-01-01 00:00:00 |
|  2 | Oracle     | 2022-02-30 00:00:00 |
|  3 | Redis      | 9999-00-04 00:00:00 |
|  4 | MongoDB    | 0000-03-00 00:00:00 |
+----+------------+---------------------+

-- 创建临时表，只包含主键ID和需要校验的时间字段
SQL> CREATE TABLE T_ORDER_CHECK(
    ID BIGINT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    ORDER_TIME DATETIME);
-- 设置SQL_MODE为5.7或8.0高版本默认值
SQL> SET SQL_MODE='ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION';
-- 使用INSERT IGNORE语法插入数据到临时CHECK表，忽略插入过程中的错误
SQL> INSERT IGNORE INTO T_ORDER_CHECK(ID,ORDER_TIME) SELECT ID,ORDER_TIME FROM T_ORDER;

SQL> SELECT 
    T.ID,
    T.ORDER_TIME AS ORDER_TIME,
    TC.ORDER_TIME AS ORDER_TIME_TMP
FROM T_ORDER T INNER JOIN T_ORDER_CHECK TC 
ON T.ID=TC.ID
WHERE T.ORDER_TIME<>TC.ORDER_TIME;
+----+---------------------+---------------------+
| ID | ORDER_TIME          | ORDER_TIME_TMP      |
+----+---------------------+---------------------+
|  2 | 2022-02-30 00:00:00 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
|  3 | 9999-00-04 00:00:00 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
|  4 | 0000-03-00 00:00:00 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
+----+---------------------+---------------------+

-- Oracle 数据库
SELECT * FROM  T1 WHERE NOT REGEXP_LIKE(CREATE_DATE,'^((?:19|20)\d\d)-(0[1-9]|1[012])-(0[1-9]|[12][0-9]|3[01])$');
    ID CREATE_DATE
---------- --------------------
     2 2007-99-01
     4 2007-12-99
     5 2005-12-29 03:-1:119
     6 2015-12-29 00:-1:49
-- MySQL 数据库
-- 略，匹配规则还在调试中