MySQL关键字explain的用法详解

EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column_name = 'value';

CREATE TABLE `t_role` (
`id` varchar(32) NOT NULL,
`role_name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`role_code` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`description` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `unique_role_name` (`role_name`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
CREATE TABLE `t_user` (
`id` varchar(32) NOT NULL,
`username` varchar(45) NOT NULL,
`password` varchar(96) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(45) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `unique_user_username` (`username`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
CREATE TABLE `user_role` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment ,
`user_id` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
`role_id` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `fk_ur_user_id` (`user_id`),
KEY `fk_ur_role_id` (`role_id`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_ur_role_id` FOREIGN KEY (`role_id`) REFERENCES `t_role` (`id`) ON
DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION,
CONSTRAINT `fk_ur_user_id` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `t_user` (`id`) ON
DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
insert into `t_user` (`id`, `username`, `password`, `name`)
values('1','super','$2a$10$TJ4TmCdK.X4wv/tCqHW14.w70U3CC33CeVncD3SLmyMXMknstqKRe','
超级管理员');
insert into `t_user` (`id`, `username`, `password`, `name`)
values('2','admin','$2a$10$TJ4TmCdK.X4wv/tCqHW14.w70U3CC33CeVncD3SLmyMXMknstqKRe','
系统管理员');
insert into `t_user` (`id`, `username`, `password`, `name`)
values('3','itcast','$2a$10$8qmaHgUFUAmPR5pOuWhYWOr291WJYjHelUlYn07k5ELF8ZCrW0Cui',
'test02');
insert into `t_user` (`id`, `username`, `password`, `name`)
values('4','stu1','$2a$10$pLtt2KDAFpwTWLjNsmTEi.oU1yOZyIn9XkziK/y/spH5rftCpUMZa','学
生1');
insert into `t_user` (`id`, `username`, `password`, `name`)
values('5','stu2','$2a$10$nxPKkYSez7uz2YQYUnwhR.z57km3yqKn3Hr/p1FR6ZKgc18u.Tvqm','学
生2');
insert into `t_user` (`id`, `username`, `password`, `name`)
values('6','t1','$2a$10$TJ4TmCdK.X4wv/tCqHW14.w70U3CC33CeVncD3SLmyMXMknstqKRe','老师
1');
INSERT INTO `t_role` (`id`, `role_name`, `role_code`, `description`) VALUES('5','学
生','student','学生');
INSERT INTO `t_role` (`id`, `role_name`, `role_code`, `description`) VALUES('7','老
师','teacher','老师');
INSERT INTO `t_role` (`id`, `role_name`, `role_code`, `description`) VALUES('8','教
学管理员','teachmanager','教学管理员');
INSERT INTO `t_role` (`id`, `role_name`, `role_code`, `description`) VALUES('9','管
理员','admin','管理员');
INSERT INTO `t_role` (`id`, `role_name`, `role_code`, `description`) VALUES('10','超
级管理员','super','超级管理员');
INSERT INTO user_role(id,user_id,role_id) VALUES(NULL, '1', '5'),(NULL, '1', '7'),
(NULL, '2', '8'),(NULL, '3', '9'),(NULL, '4', '8'),(NULL, '5', '10') ;

explain select * from t_role r, t_user u, user_role ur where r.id = ur.role_id and
u.id = ur.user_id ;

EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM t_role WHERE id = (SELECT role_id FROM user_role WHERE user_id
= (SELECT id FROM t_user WHERE username = 'stu1'))