MySQL快速禁用账户登入及如何复制/复用账户密码(最新推荐)

# 创建ROLE r1并授予用户u1
mysql> CREATE ROLE r1;
mysql> GRANT SELECT ON sbtest.* TO r1;
mysql> GRANT r1 to u1;
# 激活
mysql> SET DEFAULT ROLE r1 TO u1;

# 对账户u1授予对 test.t1 表 c1 列的UPDATE权限
mysql> GRANT UPDATE(c1) ON test.t1 to u1;
# 切换到u1账户登入
$ mysql -hxx -uu1 -pxx test
# 这几个SQL能成功
mysql> UPDATE test.t1 SET c1='c1' LIMIT 1;
mysql> UPDATE test.t1 SET c1=CONCAT('c', rand());
# 这几个SQL则因为权限不足失败了
mysql> UPDATE test.t1 SET c1=CONCAT ('c-new' , c1) ;
ERROR 1143 (42000): SELECT command denied to user 'u1'@'127.0.0.1' for column 'c' in table 't1'
mysql> UPDATE test.t1 SET c1='c1' WHERE id = 1;
ERROR 1143 (42000): SELECT command denied to user 'u1'@'127.0.0.1' for column 'id' in table 't1'

mysql> SHOW GRANTS FOR u1;
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `u1`@`%`                                      |
| GRANT SELECT (`id`, `c1`), UPDATE (`c1`) ON `test`.`t1` TO `u1`@`%` |

mysql> create user u4 identified with mysql_native_password by 'u4';
mysql> select host,user,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user where user='u4';
+------+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| host | user | plugin                | authentication_string                     |
+------+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| %    | u4   | mysql_native_password | *06196708822D12C033A8BF492D3902405DF3C781 |
+------+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
mysql> create user u5 identified with mysql_native_password as '*06196708822D12C033A8BF492D3902405DF3C781';
mysql> select host,user,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user where user in ('u4', 'u5');
+------+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| host | user | plugin                | authentication_string                     |
+------+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| %    | u4   | mysql_native_password | *06196708822D12C033A8BF492D3902405DF3C781 |
| %    | u5   | mysql_native_password | *06196708822D12C033A8BF492D3902405DF3C781 |
+------+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+

mysql> select host,user,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user where user='u1'\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
                 host: %
                 user: u1
               plugin: caching_sha2_password
authentication_string: $A$005$OWA-ad3A,DOzIxrKgUCklxlU/Ty1OHKeGN7LG0QekszR9A6MicWq2
mysql> create user u3 identified with caching_sha2_password as '$A$005$OWA-ad3A,DOzIxrKgUCklxlU/Ty1OHKeGN7LG0QekszR9A6MicWq2';
ERROR 1827 (HY000): The password hash doesn't have the expected format.

mysql> set print_identified_with_as_hex=1;

# 执行SHOW CREATE USER查看现有账户密码串
mysql> show create user u4\G
show create user u4\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
CREATE USER for u1@%: CREATE USER `u1`@`%` IDENTIFIED WITH 'caching_sha2_password' AS 0x244124303035244F574114162D6114176433411E1C1A2C44194F1B777A4978724B6755436B6C786C552F5479314F484B65474E374C473051656B737A523941364D6963577132 REQUIRE NONE PASSWORD EXPIRE DEFAULT ACCOUNT UNLOCK PASSWORD HISTORY DEFAULT PASSWORD REUSE INTERVAL DEFAULT PASSWORD REQUIRE CURRENT DEFAULT PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME 1

# 复制十六进制密码串，创建新账户即可
mysql> create user u6 identified with caching_sha2_password as 0x244124303035244F574114162D6114176433411E1C1A2C44194F1B777A4978724B6755436B6C786C552F5479314F484B65474E374C473051656B737A523941364D6963577132;

Password hash values displayed in the IDENTIFIED WITH clause of output from SHOW CREATE USER may contain unprintable characters that have adverse effects on terminal displays and in other environments. Enabling the print_identified_with_as_hex system variable (available as of MySQL 8.0.17) causes SHOW CREATE USER to display such hash values as hexadecimal strings rather than as regular string literals. Hash values that do not contain unprintable characters still display as regular string literals, even with this variable enabled.