mysql实现数据文件存储到指定分区的示例代码

更新时间：2024年01月25日 11:39:01 作者：fong1221

MySQL中可以使用分区表来提高数据检索速度,本文主要介绍了mysql实现数据文件存储到指定分区的示例代码,具有一定的参考价值,感兴趣的可以了解一下

一、关闭数据库

[root@node1 bin]# systemctl stop mysqld
[root@node1 bin]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead) since Wed 2024-01-10 22:23:45 CST; 16s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 103618 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 103590 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 103621 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Jan 06 23:37:04 node1 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Jan 06 23:37:05 node1 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
Jan 10 22:23:41 node1 systemd[1]: Stopping MySQL Server...
Jan 10 22:23:45 node1 systemd[1]: Stopped MySQL Server.

二、将数据文件放到其它分区

[root@node1 bin]# cd /home/
[root@node1 home]# mkdir mysqldata
[root@node1 home]# cp -a /var/lib/mysql /home/mysqldata/
[root@node1 home]# cd mysqldata/
[root@node1 mysqldata]# ls
mysql
[root@node1 mysqldata]# ll
total 4
drwxr-x--x 7 mysql mysql 4096 Jan 10 22:23 mysql
[root@node1 mysqldata]# cd mysql/
[root@node1 mysql]# ll
total 176252
drwxr-x--- 2 mysql mysql       20 Jan  6 23:39 12233
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql       56 Jan  6 15:33 auto.cnf
-rw------- 1 mysql mysql     1680 Jan  6 15:33 ca-key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql     1112 Jan  6 15:33 ca.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql     1112 Jan  6 15:33 client-cert.pem
-rw------- 1 mysql mysql     1680 Jan  6 15:33 client-key.pem
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql      790 Jan 10 22:23 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 79691776 Jan 10 22:23 ibdata1
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Jan 10 22:23 ib_logfile0
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Jan  6 15:33 ib_logfile1
drwxr-x--- 2 mysql mysql    40960 Jan  6 16:36 ivsom
drwxr-x--- 2 mysql mysql     4096 Jan  6 15:33 mysql
drwxr-x--- 2 mysql mysql     8192 Jan  6 15:33 performance_schema
-rw------- 1 mysql mysql     1680 Jan  6 15:33 private_key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql      452 Jan  6 15:33 public_key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql     1112 Jan  6 15:33 server-cert.pem
-rw------- 1 mysql mysql     1680 Jan  6 15:33 server-key.pem
drwxr-x--- 2 mysql mysql     8192 Jan  6 15:33 sys

三、修改配置文件

原来配置文件

[root@node1 mysql]# cat /etc/my.cnf
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
user=root
datadir=/var/lib/mysql   //数据文件目录
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock   //sock目录
lower_case_table_names=1
sql_mode='STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION'

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

修改后的配置文件

[root@node1 mysql]# cat /etc/my.cnf
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
user=root
datadir=/home/mysqldata/mysql
socket=/home/mysqldata/mysql/mysql.sock
lower_case_table_names=1
sql_mode='STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION'

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

[client]
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/home/mysqldata/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/home/mysqldata/mysql/mysql.sock

四、启动数据库

[root@node1 mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@node1 mysql]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2024-01-10 22:42:29 CST; 12s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 126422 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 126385 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 126425 (mysqld)
    Tasks: 27
   Memory: 191.0M
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─126425 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

Jan 10 22:42:27 node1 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Jan 10 22:42:29 node1 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

五、验证数据文件更新分区是否成功

[root@node1 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.44 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'datadir';
+---------------+------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value                  |
+---------------+------------------------+
| datadir       | /home/mysqldata/mysql/ |  //确实已经更新
+---------------+------------------------+
1 row in set (0.05 sec)

mysql>

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