SQL实战之行列互转

select uid
	, max(if(subject = 'chn', score, null)) as chn
	, max(if(subject = 'eng', score, null)) as eng
	, max(if(subject = 'math', score, null)) as math
from (values (1, 'math', 87), (1, 'chn', 98), (1, 'eng', 85)) as t (uid, subject, score)
group by uid;

select t1.uid
      , get_json_object(t1.st, '$.chn') as chn
	  , get_json_object(t1.st, '$.eng') as eng
	  , get_json_object(t1.st, '$.math') as math
from (
	select uid
		, concat('{', concat_ws(',', collect_set(concat('"', subject, '"', ':', '"', score, '"'))), '}') as st
	from (values (1, 'math', 87), (1, 'chn', 98), (1, 'eng', 85)) as t (uid, subject, score)
	group by uid
) t1;

select t1.uid
, t1.st['chn'] as chn
, t1.st['eng'] as eng
, t1.st['math'] as math
from (
	select uid
		, str_to_map(concat_ws(';', collect_set(concat_ws(':', subject, score))), ';', ':') as st
	from (values (1, 'math', 87), (1, 'chn', 98), (1, 'eng', 85)) as t (uid, subject, score)
	group by uid
) t1;

select name, '语文' as subject, chinese as grade
from values ('张三', 74, 83, 93), ('李四', 74, 84, 94) as t (name, chinese, math, pyhsic)
union all
select name, '数学' as subject, math as grade
from values ('张三', 74, 83, 93), ('李四', 74, 84, 94) as t (name, chinese, math, pyhsic)
union all
select name, '物理' as subject, pyhsic as grade
from values ('张三', 74, 83, 93), ('李四', 74, 84, 94) as t (name, chinese, math, pyhsic);

select t1.name, subject, grade
from (    
select name        
, str_to_map(concat('语文', ':', chinese, ';', '数学', ':', math, ';', '物理', ':', pyhsic), ';', ':') as lit    
from values ('张三', 74, 83, 93), ('李四', 74, 84, 94) 
as t (name, chinese, math, pyhsic)) t1    
lateral view explode(t1.lit) tmp as subject, grade;