MySQL 安装与使用步骤详解

[1] 选择安装类型：`Developer Default`
[2] 检查依赖项：自动安装必要组件
[3] 配置认证方式：`Use Strong Password Encryption`
[4] 设置root密码：需包含大小写字母+数字
[5] 配置服务名称：保持默认`MySQL80`

# 添加至Path环境变量
C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\bin

mysql --version
# 预期输出：mysql  Ver 8.0.xx for Win64 on x86_64

sudo /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start    --启动 MySQL
sudo /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server stop     -- 停止MySQL
sudo /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server restart  --重启 MySQL

mysql -u root -p 或  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p  -- 进入默认用户：root

CREATE DATABASE school;
USE school;

CREATE TABLE students (
  id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
  name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
  score DECIMAL(5,2),
  created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);

-- 插入数据
INSERT INTO students (name, score) VALUES ('张三', 92.5);
-- 查询数据
SELECT * FROM students WHERE score > 90;
-- 更新数据
UPDATE students SET score = 95.0 WHERE name = '张三';
-- 删除数据
DELETE FROM students WHERE id = 1;

SHOW DATABASES;        -- 查看数据库列表
DROP DATABASE  text;   -- 删除指定 数据库，如：text
DESC students;         -- 查看表结构

- MySQL Workbench (官方工具)
- Navicat for MySQL
- DBeaver (开源免费)

CREATE USER 'teacher'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'SecurePass123!';
GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON school.* TO 'teacher'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

mysqldump -u root -p school > school_backup.sql

mysql -u root -p school < school_backup.sql