MySQL中的连接查询使用方式

SELECT users.username, orders.order_id
FROM users
INNER JOIN orders ON users.user_id = orders.user_id;

SELECT users.username, orders.order_id
FROM users
LEFT JOIN orders ON users.user_id = orders.user_id;

SELECT users.username, orders.order_id
FROM users
RIGHT JOIN orders ON users.user_id = orders.user_id;
users. Username

SELECT users.username, orders.order_id
FROM users
LEFT JOIN orders ON users.user_id = orders.user_id
UNION
SELECT users.username, orders.order_id
FROM users
RIGHT JOIN orders ON users.user_id = orders.user_id;
users. Username

CREATE TABLE student(
uid INT UNSIGNED PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
age TINYINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
sex ENUM('M','W') NOT NULL);

CREATE TABLE course(
cid INT UNSIGNED PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
cname VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
credit TINYINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL);

CREATE TABLE exame(
uid INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
cid INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
time DATE NOT NULL,
score FLOAT NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(uid,cid));

-- 插入数据到 student 表
INSERT INTO student (name, age, sex) VALUES 
('Alice', 20, 'W'),
('Bob', 21, 'M'),
('Charlie', 22, 'M'),
('David', 20, 'M'),
('Eve', 21, 'W');

-- 插入数据到 course 表
INSERT INTO course (cname, credit) VALUES 
('Mathematics', 3),
('Physics', 4),
('Chemistry', 3),
('Biology', 2),
('Computer Science', 3);

-- 插入数据到 exame 表
INSERT INTO exame (uid, cid, time, score) VALUES 
(1, 1, '2024-01-10', 85.5),
(1, 2, '2024-01-11', 90.0),
(2, 1, '2024-01-9', 88.0),
(2, 3, '2024-01-10', 92.5),
(3, 4, '2024-01-12', 75.0),
(3, 5, '2024-01-9', 80.0),
(4, 2, '2024-01-12', 85.0),
(4, 3, '2024-01-12', 87.5),
(5, 1, '2024-01-11', 89.0),
(5, 5, '2024-01-11', 95.0);

预置条件：uid:1 cid:2
select score from exame where uid=1 and cid=2;
select a.uid,a.name,a.age,a.sex from student a where a.uid=1;
select c.score from exame c where c.uid=1 and c.cid=2;

select a.uid,a.name,a.age,a.sex,c.score from student a
inner join exame c on a.uid=c.uid where c.uid=1 and c.cid=2;

select b.cid,b.cname,b.credit from course b where b.cid=2;

select a.uid,a.name,a.age,a.sex,b.cid,b.cname,b.credit,c.score
from exame c
inner join student a on c.uid=a.uid
inner join course b on c.cid=b.cid
where c.uid=1 and c.cid=2;

select a.uid,a.name,a.age,a.sex,b.cid,b.cname,b.credit,c.score
from exame c
inner join student a on c.uid=a.uid
inner join course b on c.cid=b.cid
where c.cid=2 and c.score>=90.0;

select b.cid,b.cname,b.credit,count(*)
from exame c
inner join course b on c.cid=b.cid
where c.score>=90.0
group by c.cid
having c.cid=2;//分组以后的过滤

select b.cid,b.cname,b.credit,count(*) cnt
from exame c
inner join course b on c.cid=b.cid
where c.score>=90.0
group by c.cid
order by cnt;

// 把left这边的表所有的数据显示出来，在右表中不存在相应数据，则显示NULL
select a.* from User a left outer join Orderlist b on a.uid=b.uid where
a.orderid is null;

select a.*,b.* from student a left join exame b on a.uid=b.uid;

select a.*,b.* from student a left join exame b on a.uid=b.uid where b.cid is null;

// 把right这边的表所有的数据显示出来，在左表中不存在相应数据，则显示NULL
select a.* from User a right outer join Orderlist b on a.uid=b.uid where
b.orderid is null;

select * from student where uid not in (select distinct uid from exame);