MySQL支持地理位置查询的详细步骤和代码示例

CREATE DATABASE geo_db;
USE geo_db;
CREATE TABLE locations (
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
    coordinates POINT NOT NULL,
    SPATIAL INDEX(coordinates)
);

INSERT INTO locations (name, coordinates) VALUES
('Location A', ST_GeomFromText('POINT(40.7128 -74.0060)')), -- New York
('Location B', ST_GeomFromText('POINT(34.0522 -118.2437)')), -- Los Angeles
('Location C', ST_GeomFromText('POINT(41.8781 -87.6298)')); -- Chicago

SET @center = ST_GeomFromText('POINT(34.0522 -118.2437)'); -- Los Angeles
SET @distance = 100; -- 单位：米
SELECT id, name, ST_Distance_Sphere(coordinates, @center) AS distance
FROM locations
WHERE ST_Distance_Sphere(coordinates, @center) <= @distance;

SELECT ST_Distance_Sphere(
    ST_GeomFromText('POINT(40.7128 -74.0060)'), -- New York
    ST_GeomFromText('POINT(34.0522 -118.2437)') -- Los Angeles
) AS distance;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class MySQLGeoSetup {
    private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/geo_db";
    private static final String USER = "root";
    private static final String PASSWORD = "password";
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PASSWORD);
             Statement stmt = conn.createStatement()) {
            String createTable = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS locations ("
                    + "id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, "
                    + "name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, "
                    + "coordinates POINT NOT NULL, "
                    + "SPATIAL INDEX(coordinates)"
                    + ")";
            stmt.execute(createTable);
            String insertData = "INSERT INTO locations (name, coordinates) VALUES "
                    + "('Location A', ST_GeomFromText('POINT(40.7128 -74.0060)')), "
                    + "('Location B', ST_GeomFromText('POINT(34.0522 -118.2437)')), "
                    + "('Location C', ST_GeomFromText('POINT(41.8781 -87.6298)'))";
            stmt.execute(insertData);
            System.out.println("Table and data created successfully.");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
public class MySQLGeoQuery {
    private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/geo_db";
    private static final String USER = "root";
    private static final String PASSWORD = "password";
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PASSWORD)) {
            // 查找距离洛杉矶 100 米以内的点
            String queryNearby = "SELECT id, name, ST_Distance_Sphere(coordinates, ST_GeomFromText(?)) AS distance "
                               + "FROM locations "
                               + "WHERE ST_Distance_Sphere(coordinates, ST_GeomFromText(?)) <= ?";
            try (PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(queryNearby)) {
                String center = "POINT(34.0522 -118.2437)";
                int distance = 100;
                pstmt.setString(1, center);
                pstmt.setString(2, center);
                pstmt.setInt(3, distance);
                try (ResultSet rs = pstmt.executeQuery()) {
                    while (rs.next()) {
                        int id = rs.getInt("id");
                        String name = rs.getString("name");
                        double dist = rs.getDouble("distance");
                        System.out.printf("ID: %d, Name: %s, Distance: %.2f meters%n", id, name, dist);
                    }
                }
            }
            // 计算两个点之间的距离
            String queryDistance = "SELECT ST_Distance_Sphere(ST_GeomFromText(?), ST_GeomFromText(?)) AS distance";
            try (PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(queryDistance)) {
                String pointA = "POINT(40.7128 -74.0060)"; // New York
                String pointB = "POINT(34.0522 -118.2437)"; // Los Angeles
                pstmt.setString(1, pointA);
                pstmt.setString(2, pointB);
                try (ResultSet rs = pstmt.executeQuery()) {
                    if (rs.next()) {
                        double distance = rs.getDouble("distance");
                        System.out.printf("Distance between New York and Los Angeles: %.2f meters%n", distance);
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}