PostgreSQL 模式(SCHEMA)操作指南数据库对象的命名空间管理

CREATE SCHEMA schema_name 
    [AUTHORIZATION owner_name] 
    [schema_element [...]];

-- 创建简单模式
CREATE SCHEMA myschema;
-- 创建指定所有者的模式
CREATE SCHEMA hr AUTHORIZATION hr_user;
-- 创建模式并包含对象
CREATE SCHEMA marketing 
    CREATE TABLE campaigns (
        id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
        name VARCHAR(100)
    CREATE VIEW active_campaigns AS 
        SELECT * FROM campaigns WHERE is_active = true;

CREATE TABLE schema_name.table_name (
    column1 datatype [constraints],
    column2 datatype [constraints],
    ...
);

-- 在myschema中创建公司表
CREATE TABLE myschema.company(
   ID   INT              NOT NULL,
   NAME VARCHAR (20)     NOT NULL,
   AGE  INT              NOT NULL,
   ADDRESS  CHAR (25),
   SALARY   DECIMAL (18, 2),
   PRIMARY KEY (ID)
);

\dn

\dt myschema.*

SELECT * FROM information_schema.schemata;

ALTER SCHEMA myschema RENAME TO new_schema;

ALTER SCHEMA myschema OWNER TO new_owner;

DROP SCHEMA myschema;

DROP SCHEMA myschema CASCADE;

DROP SCHEMA IF EXISTS myschema CASCADE;

-- 查看当前搜索路径
SHOW search_path;
-- 默认值: "$user", public
-- 设置搜索路径
SET search_path TO myschema, public;

-- 授权用户使用模式
GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA myschema TO user1;
-- 授权表操作权限
GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA myschema TO user1;

REVOKE CREATE ON SCHEMA public FROM PUBLIC;

-- 明确指定模式
SELECT * FROM myschema.table1;
-- 或设置搜索路径
SET search_path TO myschema;

GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA myschema TO current_user;

DROP SCHEMA myschema CASCADE;