c语言5个常用的排序算法实例代码

void insertSort(vector<int>& nums)
{
  int k = 0;
  for (int i = 0; i < nums.size(); ++i)
  {
    int temp = nums[i];
    int j = i;
    for (; j > 0 && temp < nums[j-1]; --j)
      nums[j] = nums[j-1];
    nums[j] = temp;
  }
}

void shellSort(vector<int>& nums)
{
  for (int gap = nums.size() / 2; gap > 0; gap /= 2)
  {
    for (int i = gap; i < nums.size(); ++i)
    {
      int temp = nums[i];
      int j = i;
      for (; j >=gap && temp < nums[j-gap]; j -= gap)
        nums[j] = nums[j - gap];
      nums[j] = temp;
    }
  }
}

#include<stdio.h> 
int c=0;
/*heapadjust()函数的功能是实现从a[m]到a[n]的数据进行调整，使其满足大顶堆的特性*/
/*a[]是待处理的数组，m是起始坐标， n是终止坐标*/
void heapadjust(int a[], int m, int n) 
{
	int i, temp;
	temp=a[m];
	for (i=2*m;i<=n;i*=2)//从m的左孩子开始 
	{
		if(i+1<=n && a[i]<a[i+1])//如果左孩子小于右孩子，则将i++，这样i的值就是最大孩子的下标值 
		{
			i++;
		}
		if(a[i]<temp)//如果最大的孩子小于temp，则不做任何操作，退出循环；否则交换a[m]和a[i]的值，将最大值放到a[i]处 
		{
			break;
		}
		a[m]=a[i];
		m=i;
	}
	a[m]=temp;
}
void crtheap(int a[], int n)//初始化创建一个大顶堆 
{
	int i;
	for (i=n/2; i>0; i--)//n/2为最后一个双亲节点，依次向前建立大顶堆 
	{
		heapadjust(a, i, n);
	}
}
/*swap()函数的作用是将a[i]和a[j]互换*/
void swap(int a[], int i, int j) 
{
	int temp;
	temp=a[i];
	a[i]=a[j];
	a[j]=temp;
	c++;
}
void heapsort(int a[], int n) 
{
	int i;
	crtheap(a, n);
	for (i=n; i>1; i--) 
	{
		swap(a, 1, i);
		//将第一个数，也就是从a[1]到a[i]中的最大的数，放到a[i]的位置 
		heapadjust(a, 1, i-1);
		//对剩下的a[1]到a[i]，再次进行堆排序，选出最大的值，放到a[1]的位置
	}
}
int main(void) 
{
	int i;
	int a[10]={-1,5,2,6,0,3,9,1,7,4};
	printf("排序前：");
	for (i=1;i<10;i++) 
	{
		printf("%d",a[i]);
	}
	heapsort(a, 9);
	printf("\n\n共交换数据%d次\n\n", c);
	printf("排序后：");
	for (i=1;i<10;i++) 
	{
		printf("%d",a[i]);
	}
	printf("\n\n\n");
	return 0;
}

class Solution {
public:
 //归并排序
  ListNode* getMiddleOfList(ListNode* head)
  {
    ListNode* mid = head;
    ListNode* last = head;
    while (last->next!=NULL&&last->next->next!=NULL)
    {
      mid = mid->next;
      last = last->next->next;
    }
    return mid;
  }
  ListNode* sortList(ListNode* head) {
    if (head == NULL || head->next == NULL)return head;
    ListNode* mid = getMiddleOfList(head);
    ListNode* midnext = mid->next;
    mid->next = NULL;
    return mergeList(sortList(head), sortList(midnext));
  }
  ListNode* mergeList(ListNode* a, ListNode* b)
  {
    ListNode* res = new ListNode(-1);
    ListNode* cur = res;
    while (a != NULL&&b != NULL)
    {
      if (a->val < b->val)
      {
        cur->next = a;
        a = a->next;
      }
      else
      {
        cur->next = b;
        b = b->next;
      }
      cur = cur->next;
    }
    cur->next = a != NULL ? a : b;
    return res->next;
  }
};

class sort {
public:
  int median3(vector<int>& nums, int left, int right)
  {
    int mid = (left + right) / 2;
    if (nums[left] > nums[mid])swap(nums[left], nums[mid]);
    if (nums[mid] > nums[right])swap(nums[mid], nums[right]);
    if (nums[left] > nums[mid])swap(nums[left], nums[mid]);

    swap(nums[mid], nums[left]);
    return nums[left];
  }
  void quickSort(vector<int>& nums, int i, int j)
  {
    if (i > j)return;
    int partition = median3(nums, i, j);
    int low = i+1, high = j;
    while (low < high)
    {
      while (nums[low] < partition)low++;     
      while (nums[high] > partition)high--;
      if (low < high)swap(nums[low], nums[high]);
      else
        break;
    }
    swap(nums[i], nums[high]);
    quickSort(nums, i, high - 1);
    quickSort(nums, high + 1, j);
  }
  void qs(vector<int>& nums)
  {
    quickSort(nums, 0, nums.size() - 1);
  }
};