让你5分钟掌握9个JavaScript小技巧

const arr = [11, 22, 33, 44, 55, 66];
// truncanting
arr.length = 3;
console.log(arr); //=> [11, 22, 33]
// clearing
arr.length = 0;
console.log(arr); //=> []
console.log(arr[2]); //=> undefined

doSomething({ foo: 'Hello', bar: 'Hey!', baz: 42 });
function doSomething(config) {
	const foo = config.foo !== undefined ? config.foo : 'Hi';
	const bar = config.bar !== undefined ? config.bar : 'Yo!';
 	const baz = config.baz !== undefined ? config.baz : 13;
 	// ...
}

function doSomething({ foo = 'Hi', bar = 'Yo!', baz = 13 }) {
 // ...
}

function doSomething({ foo = 'Hi', bar = 'Yo!', baz = 13 } = {}) {
 // ...
}

const csvFileLine = '1997,John Doe,US,john@doe.com,New York';
const { 2: country, 4: state } = csvFileLine.split(',');

function getWaterState(tempInCelsius) {
 let state;
 
 switch (true) {
  case (tempInCelsius <= 0): 
   state = 'Solid';
   break;
  case (tempInCelsius > 0 && tempInCelsius < 100): 
   state = 'Liquid';
   break;
  default: 
   state = 'Gas';
 }
 return state;
}

await Promise.all([anAsyncCall(), thisIsAlsoAsync(), oneMore()])

const pureObject = Object.create(null);
console.log(pureObject); //=> {}
console.log(pureObject.constructor); //=> undefined
console.log(pureObject.toString); //=> undefined
console.log(pureObject.hasOwnProperty); //=> undefined

const obj = { 
 foo: { bar: [11, 22, 33, 44], baz: { bing: true, boom: 'Hello' } } 
};
// The third parameter is the number of spaces used to 
// beautify the JSON output.
JSON.stringify(obj, null, 4); 
// =>"{
// =>  "foo": {
// =>    "bar": [
// =>      11,
// =>      22,
// =>      33,
// =>      44
// =>    ],
// =>    "baz": {
// =>      "bing": true,
// =>      "boom": "Hello"
// =>    }
// =>  }
// =>}"

const removeDuplicateItems = arr => [...new Set(arr)];
removeDuplicateItems([42, 'foo', 42, 'foo', true, true]);
//=> [42, "foo", true]

const arr = [11, [22, 33], [44, 55], 66];
const flatArr = [].concat(...arr); //=> [11, 22, 33, 44, 55, 66]

unction flattenArray(arr) {
 const flattened = [].concat(...arr);
 return flattened.some(item => Array.isArray(item)) ? 
  flattenArray(flattened) : flattened;
}

const arr = [11, [22, 33], [44, [55, 66, [77, [88]], 99]]];
const flatArr = flattenArray(arr); 
//=> [11, 22, 33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88, 99]

function getWaterState1(tempInCelsius) {
 let state;
 
 switch (true) {
  case (tempInCelsius <= 0): 
   state = 'Solid';
   break;
  case (tempInCelsius < 100): 
   state = 'Liquid';
   break;
  default: 
   state = 'Gas';
 }
 return state;
}
function getWaterState2(tempInCelsius) {
 if (tempInCelsius <= 0) {
  return 'Solid';
 }
 if (tempInCelsius < 100) {
  return 'Liquid';
 }
 return 'Gas';
}