使用Go进行单元测试的实现

func TestAbs(t *testing.T) {
 got := Abs(-1)
 if got != 1 {
  t.Errorf("Abs(-1) = %d; want 1", got)
 }
}

package util

import "testing"

// 普通的测试
func TestGenShortID(t *testing.T) {
 shortID, err := GenShortID()
 if shortID == "" || err != nil {
 t.Error("GenShortID failed")
 }
}

root@592402321ce7:/workspace# go test -v ./util/
=== RUN  TestGenShortID
--- PASS: TestGenShortID (0.00s)
PASS
ok   tzh.com/web/util    0.006s

func BenchmarkHello(b *testing.B) {
 for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
  fmt.Sprintf("hello")
 }
}

// 性能测试
func BenchmarkGenShortID(b *testing.B) {
 for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
 GenShortID()
 }
}

root@592402321ce7:/workspace# go test -v -bench="BenchmarkGenShortID$" --run=none ./util/
goos: linux
goarch: amd64
pkg: tzh.com/web/util
BenchmarkGenShortID-2       507237       2352 ns/op
PASS
ok   tzh.com/web/util    1.229s

-blockprofile block.out
  Write a goroutine blocking profile to the specified file
  when all tests are complete.
  Writes test binary as -c would.

-blockprofilerate n
  Control the detail provided in goroutine blocking profiles by
  calling runtime.SetBlockProfileRate with n.
  See 'go doc runtime.SetBlockProfileRate'.
  The profiler aims to sample, on average, one blocking event every
  n nanoseconds the program spends blocked. By default,
  if -test.blockprofile is set without this flag, all blocking events
  are recorded, equivalent to -test.blockprofilerate=1.

-coverprofile cover.out
  Write a coverage profile to the file after all tests have passed.
  Sets -cover.

-cpuprofile cpu.out
  Write a CPU profile to the specified file before exiting.
  Writes test binary as -c would.

-memprofile mem.out
  Write an allocation profile to the file after all tests have passed.
  Writes test binary as -c would.

-memprofilerate n
  Enable more precise (and expensive) memory allocation profiles by
  setting runtime.MemProfileRate. See 'go doc runtime.MemProfileRate'.
  To profile all memory allocations, use -test.memprofilerate=1.

-mutexprofile mutex.out
  Write a mutex contention profile to the specified file
  when all tests are complete.
  Writes test binary as -c would.

-mutexprofilefraction n
  Sample 1 in n stack traces of goroutines holding a
  contended mutex.

go test -v -bench="BenchmarkGenShortID$" --run=none -cpuprofile cpu.out ./util/

# 进入交互模式
go tool pprof cpu.out
top

apt install graphviz
go tool pprof -http=":" cpu.out

root@592402321ce7:/workspace# go test -v -coverprofile=cover.out ./util/
=== RUN  TestGenShortID
--- PASS: TestGenShortID (0.00s)
PASS
coverage: 9.1% of statements
ok   tzh.com/web/util    0.005s coverage: 9.1% of statements

root@592402321ce7:/workspace# go tool cover -func=cover.out
tzh.com/web/util/util.go:12:  GenShortID   100.0%
tzh.com/web/util/util.go:17:  GetReqID    0.0%
tzh.com/web/util/util.go:22:  TimeToStr    0.0%
tzh.com/web/util/util.go:30:  GetTag     0.0%
total:             (statements)  9.1%