制作Python数字华容道的实现(可选择关卡)

# coding:utf-8 #

"""
#============================================================
作者：@Qss
2021年3月20日起草
2021年3月21日完工
2021年3月23日一次优化完成
2021年3月31日完成二次优化（关卡设计）
二次优化待解决漏洞：设计关卡后窗口不能自动显示，需手动切换
2021年4月1日三次优化完成，成功解决二次优化bug
#============================================================
"""
from random import *    #导入随机数模块
from tkinter import *   #导入图形化用户界面模块
step_number = 0     #设置步数的变量，初始值为0
difficulty = int(input('请输入数字华容道列数（3/4/5）：'))
def Button_Click_1(x,y):      #按钮点击事件函数
        """声明空白按钮行列号和步数的变量为全局变量"""
        global row_of_space  
        global col_of_space    
        global step_number
        """判断判断点击按钮旁是否为空白按钮，是则交换位置"""
        if abs(x-row_of_space) + abs(y-col_of_space) == 1:  
            step_number += 1    #将步数赋值
            label_step_number['text'] = '步数:' + str(step_number)  #将步数变量导入label控件
            """交换按钮位置"""
            buttons[row_of_space,col_of_space]['text'] = buttons[x,y]['text']
            buttons[x,y]['text']  = ' '  
            row_of_space = x            
            col_of_space = y
            n = 0   
            for row in range(3):
                for col in range(3):
                    """对比所有按钮序列是否正确，不正确则跳出函数"""
                    if buttons[row,col]['text'] != numbers[n]:  
                        return
                    n += 1
            """所有按钮判断完毕赢得游戏胜利"""
            label_welcomes['text'] = '你赢了'

def Button_Click_2(x,y):      #按钮点击事件函数
        """声明空白按钮行列号和步数的变量为全局变量"""
        global row_of_space  
        global col_of_space    
        global step_number
        """判断判断点击按钮旁是否为空白按钮，是则交换位置"""
        if abs(x-row_of_space) + abs(y-col_of_space) == 1:  
            step_number += 1    #将步数赋值
            label_step_number['text'] = '步数:' + str(step_number)  #将步数变量导入label控件
            """交换按钮位置"""
            buttons[row_of_space,col_of_space]['text'] = buttons[x,y]['text']
            buttons[x,y]['text']  = ' '  
            row_of_space = x            
            col_of_space = y
            n = 0   
            for row in range(4):
                for col in range(4):
                    """对比所有按钮序列是否正确，不正确则跳出函数"""
                    if buttons[row,col]['text'] != numbers[n]:  
                        return
                    n += 1
            """所有按钮判断完毕赢得游戏胜利"""
            label_welcomes['text'] = '你赢了'

def Button_Click_3(x,y):      #按钮点击事件函数
        """声明空白按钮行列号和步数的变量为全局变量"""
        global row_of_space  
        global col_of_space    
        global step_number
        """判断判断点击按钮旁是否为空白按钮，是则交换位置"""
        if abs(x-row_of_space) + abs(y-col_of_space) == 1:  
            step_number += 1    #将步数赋值
            label_step_number['text'] = '步数:' + str(step_number)  #将步数变量导入label控件
            """交换按钮位置"""
            buttons[row_of_space,col_of_space]['text'] = buttons[x,y]['text']
            buttons[x,y]['text']  = ' '  
            row_of_space = x            
            col_of_space = y
            n = 0   
            for row in range(5):
                for col in range(5):
                    """对比所有按钮序列是否正确，不正确则跳出函数"""
                    if buttons[row,col]['text'] != numbers[n]:  
                        return
                    n += 1
            """所有按钮判断完毕赢得游戏胜利"""
            label_welcomes['text'] = '你赢了'

"""创建华容道游戏窗口"""
root = Tk()                      #创建图形化用户界面实例
root.title('数字华容道')         #设置窗口标题
root.geometry("400x400")    #将窗口大小设为高400宽400
root.configure(bg = 'black') #将窗口背景设为黑色
root.resizable(width = False,height = False)    #设置窗口为不可拉伸
"""设置欢迎语的label控件"""
label_welcomes = Label(root,text = '欢迎来到数字华容道',bg = 'black',fg = 'red',font = ("Arial",13))    #设置label控件的属性
label_welcomes.place(x = 20,y = 10,width = 250,height = 40)  #设置label控件位置
"""设置显示操作方式的label控件"""
label_operation = Label(root,text = '单击数字',bg = 'black',fg = 'white',font = ("Arial",10))
label_operation.place(x = 3,y = 40,width = 50,height = 30)
label_operation_2 = Label(root,text = '移动方块',bg = 'black',fg = 'white',font = ("Arial",10))
label_operation_2.place(x = 3,y = 60,width = 50,height = 30)
"""设置显示步数的label控件"""
label_step_number = Label(root,text = '步数:' + str(step_number),bg = 'black',fg = 'yellow',font = ("Arial",10))
label_step_number.place(x = 3,y = 20,width = 50,height = 30)

if difficulty == 3:
    root.attributes("-topmost", True)
    row_of_space = 0    #存放空白按钮的行号 
    col_of_space = 0    #存放空白按钮的列号
    buttons = {}      #存放数字按钮的数组
    numbers = ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8',' '] #所有数字文本的列表 
    shuffle(numbers)     #打乱数字列表中的数字顺序
    """制造数字华容道方阵"""
    for row in range(3): 
        for col in range(3):
            """创建数字按钮，并将行列号传入该按钮的点击事件函数"""
            button = Button(root,command = lambda x = row,y = col:Button_Click_1(x,y),bg = 'black',fg = 'green',font = ("Arial",35))
            buttons[row,col] = button   #将按钮导入数组
            button['text'] = numbers.pop()    #设置按钮上的文本
            button.place(x = 60 + col * 60,y = 60 + row * 60,width = 50,height = 50)    #设置数字按钮大小
            if button['text'] == ' ':        #判断是否为空白按钮，如果是，则记录到空白按钮行列号变量
                row_of_space = row
                col_of_space = col
    numbers = ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8',' ']   #还原数字列表 
    root.mainloop() #显示窗口
elif difficulty == 4:
    root.attributes("-topmost", True)
    row_of_space = 0    #存放空白按钮的行号 
    col_of_space = 0    #存放空白按钮的列号
    buttons = {}      #存放数字按钮的数组
    numbers = ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','10','11','12','13','14','15',' '] #所有数字文本的列表 
    shuffle(numbers)     #打乱数字列表中的数字顺序
    """制造数字华容道方阵"""
    for row in range(4): 
        for col in range(4):
            """创建数字按钮，并将行列号传入该按钮的点击事件函数"""
            button = Button(root,command = lambda x = row,y = col:Button_Click_2(x,y),bg = 'black',fg = 'green',font = ("Arial",35))
            buttons[row,col] = button   #将按钮导入数组
            button['text'] = numbers.pop()    #设置按钮上的文本
            button.place(x = 60 + col * 60,y = 60 + row * 60,width = 50,height = 50)    #设置数字按钮大小
            if button['text'] == ' ':        #判断是否为空白按钮，如果是，则记录到空白按钮行列号变量
                row_of_space = row
                col_of_space = col
    numbers = ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','10','11','12','13','14','15',' ']   #还原数字列表 
    root.mainloop() #显示窗口
elif difficulty == 5:
    root.attributes("-topmost", True)
    row_of_space = 0    #存放空白按钮的行号 
    col_of_space = 0    #存放空白按钮的列号
    buttons = {}      #存放数字按钮的数组
    numbers = ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','10','11','12','13','14','15','16','17','18','19','20','21','22','23','24',' '] #所有数字文本的列表 
    shuffle(numbers)     #打乱数字列表中的数字顺序
    for row in range(5): 
        for col in range(5):
            """创建数字按钮，并将行列号传入该按钮的点击事件函数"""
            button = Button(root,command = lambda x = row,y = col:Button_Click_3(x,y),bg = 'black',fg = 'green',font = ("Arial",35))
            buttons[row,col] = button   #将按钮导入数组
            button['text'] = numbers.pop()    #设置按钮上的文本
            button.place(x = 60 + col * 60,y = 60 + row * 60,width = 50,height = 50)    #设置数字按钮大小
            if button['text'] == ' ':        #判断是否为空白按钮，如果是，则记录到空白按钮行列号变量
                row_of_space = row
                col_of_space = col
    numbers = ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','10','11','12','13','14','15','16','17','18','19','20','21','22','23','24',' ']   #还原数字列表 
    root.mainloop() #显示窗口
else:
    print('未完成此类关卡')

def Button_Click_1(x,y):      #按钮点击事件函数
        """声明空白按钮行列号和步数的变量为全局变量"""
        global row_of_space  
        global col_of_space    
        global step_number
        """判断判断点击按钮旁是否为空白按钮，是则交换位置"""
        if abs(x-row_of_space) + abs(y-col_of_space) == 1:  
            step_number += 1    #将步数赋值
            label_step_number['text'] = '步数:' + str(step_number)  #将步数变量导入label控件
            """交换按钮位置"""
            buttons[row_of_space,col_of_space]['text'] = buttons[x,y]['text']
            buttons[x,y]['text']  = ' '  
            row_of_space = x            
            col_of_space = y
            n = 0   
            for row in range(3):
                for col in range(3):
                    """对比所有按钮序列是否正确，不正确则跳出函数"""
                    if buttons[row,col]['text'] != numbers[n]:  
                        return
                    n += 1
            """所有按钮判断完毕赢得游戏胜利"""
            label_welcomes['text'] = '你赢了'

"""创建华容道游戏窗口"""
root = Tk()                      #创建图形化用户界面实例
root.title('数字华容道')         #设置窗口标题
root.geometry("400x400")    #将窗口大小设为高300宽300
root.configure(bg = 'black') #将窗口背景设为黑色
root.resizable(width = False,height = False)    #设置窗口为不可拉伸
"""设置欢迎语的label控件"""
label_welcomes = Label(root,text = '欢迎来到数字华容道',bg = 'black',fg = 'red',font = ("Arial",13))    #设置label控件的属性
label_welcomes.place(x = 20,y = 10,width = 250,height = 40)  #设置label控件位置
"""设置显示操作方式的label控件"""
label_operation = Label(root,text = '单击数字',bg = 'black',fg = 'white',font = ("Arial",10))
label_operation.place(x = 3,y = 40,width = 50,height = 30)
label_operation_2 = Label(root,text = '移动方块',bg = 'black',fg = 'white',font = ("Arial",10))
label_operation_2.place(x = 3,y = 60,width = 50,height = 30)
"""设置显示步数的label控件"""
label_step_number = Label(root,text = '步数:' + str(step_number),bg = 'black',fg = 'yellow',font = ("Arial",10))
label_step_number.place(x = 3,y = 20,width = 50,height = 30)